v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Aggravated p. pr. & vb. n. Aggravating. ] [ L. aggravatus, p. p. of aggravare. See Aggrieve. ] 1. To make heavy or heavier; to add to; to increase. [ Obs. ] “To aggravate thy store.” Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To make worse, or more severe; to render less tolerable or less excusable; to make more offensive; to enhance; to intensify. “To aggravate my woes.” Pope. [ 1913 Webster ]

To aggravate the horrors of the scene. Prescott. [ 1913 Webster ]

The defense made by the prisoner's counsel did rather aggravate than extenuate his crime. Addison. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. To give coloring to in description; to exaggerate; as, to aggravate circumstances. Paley. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. To exasperate; to provoke; to irritate. [ Colloq. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

If both were to aggravate her parents, as my brother and sister do mine. Richardson (Clarissa). [ 1913 Webster ]

Syn. -- To heighten; intensify; increase; magnify; exaggerate; provoke; irritate; exasperate. [ 1913 Webster ]

adj. 1. 1 made more severe or intense, especially in law; as, aggravated assault.
Syn. -- intensified. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

2. 1 incited, especially deliberately, to anger. aggravated by passive resistance
Syn. -- provoked. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

a. 1. Making worse or more heinous; as, aggravating circumstances. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Exasperating; provoking; irritating. [ Colloq. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

A thing at once ridiculous and aggravating. J. Ingelow. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. In an aggravating manner. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ LL. aggravatio: cf. F. aggravation. ] 1. The act of aggravating, or making worse; -- used of evils, natural or moral; the act of increasing in severity or heinousness; something additional to a crime or wrong and enhancing its guilt or injurious consequences. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Exaggerated representation. [ 1913 Webster ]

By a little aggravation of the features changed it into the Saracen's head. Addison. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. An extrinsic circumstance or accident which increases the guilt of a crime or the misery of a calamity. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. Provocation; irritation. [ Colloq. ] Dickens. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Tending to aggravate. -- n. That which aggravates. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. architrave, fr. It. architrave; pref. archi- + trave beam, L. trabs. ] (Arch.) (a) The lower division of an entablature, or that part which rests immediately on the column, esp. in classical architecture. See Column. (b) The group of moldings, or other architectural member, above and on both sides of a door or other opening, especially if square in form. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Furnished with an architrave. Cowper. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. betterave; bette beet + rave radish. ] The common beet (Beta vulgaris). [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ Pref. be- + grave; akin to G. begraben, Goth. bigraban to dig a ditch around. ] To bury; also, to engrave. [ Obs. ] Gower. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Belonging to Belgravia (a fashionable quarter of London, around Pimlico), or to fashionable life; aristocratic. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Bravado. [ Obs. ] Fanshawe. [ 1913 Webster ]

n., pl. Bravadoes [ Sp. bravada, bravata, boast, brag: cf. F. bravade. See Brave. ] Boastful and threatening behavior; a boastful menace. [ 1913 Webster ]

In spite of our host's bravado. Irving. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Compar. Braver; superl. Bravest. ] [ F. brave, It. or Sp. bravo, (orig.) fierce, wild, savage, prob. from. L. barbarus. See Barbarous, and cf. Bravo. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

1. Bold; courageous; daring; intrepid; -- opposed to cowardly; as, a brave man; a brave act. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Having any sort of superiority or excellence; -- especially such as in conspicuous. [ Obs. or Archaic as applied to material things. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Iron is a brave commodity where wood aboundeth. Bacon. [ 1913 Webster ]

It being a brave day, I walked to Whitehall. Pepys. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Making a fine show or display. [ Archaic ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Wear my dagger with the braver grace. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

For I have gold, and therefore will be brave.
In silks I'll rattle it of every color. Robert Greene. [ 1913 Webster ]

Frog and lizard in holiday coats
And turtle brave in his golden spots. Emerson. [ 1913 Webster ]

Syn. -- Courageous; gallant; daring; valiant; valorous; bold; heroic; intrepid; fearless; dauntless; magnanimous; high-spirited; stout-hearted. See Gallant. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. A brave person; one who is daring. [ 1913 Webster ]

The star-spangled banner, O, long may it wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave. F. S. Key. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Specifically, an Indian warrior. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. A man daring beyond discretion; a bully. [ 1913 Webster ]

Hot braves like thee may fight. Dryden. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. A challenge; a defiance; bravado. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Demetrius, thou dost overween in all;
And so in this, to bear me down with braves. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Braved p. pr. & vb. n. Braving. ] 1. To encounter with courage and fortitude; to set at defiance; to defy; to dare. [ 1913 Webster ]

These I can brave, but those I can not bear. Dryden. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To adorn; to make fine or showy. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Thou [ a tailor whom Grunio was browbeating ] hast braved meny men; brave not me; I'll neither be faced or braved. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. 1. In a brave manner; courageously; gallantly; valiantly; splendidly; nobly. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Finely; gaudily; gayly; showily. [ 1913 Webster ]

And [ she ] decked herself bravely to allure the eyes of all men that should see her. Judith. x. 4. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Well; thrivingly; prosperously. [ Colloq. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The quality of state or being brave. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. F. braverie. ] 1. The quality of being brave; fearless; intrepidity. [ 1913 Webster ]

Remember, sir, my liege, . . .
The natural bravery of your isle. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. The act of braving; defiance; bravado. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Reform, then, without bravery or scandal of former times and persons. Bacon. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Splendor; magnificence; showy appearance; ostentation; fine dress. [ 1913 Webster ]

With scarfs and fans and double change of bravery. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

Like a stately ship . . .
With all her bravery on, and tackle trim. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. A showy person; a fine gentleman; a beau. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

A man that is the bravery of his age. Beau. & Fl. [ 1913 Webster ]

Syn. -- Courage; heroism; interpidity; gallantry; valor; fearlessness; dauntlessness; hardihood; manfulness. See Courage, and Heroism. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A bravado; a boast. [ 1913 Webster ]

With so proud a strain
Of threats and bravings. Chapman. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. In a defiant manner. [ 1913 Webster ]

interj. [ It. See Brave. ] Well done! excellent! an exclamation expressive of applause. [ 1913 Webster ]

n.; pl. Bravoes [ I. See Brave, a. ] A daring villain; a bandit; one who sets law at defiance; a professional assassin or murderer. [ 1913 Webster ]

Safe from detection, seize the unwary prey.
And stab, like bravoes, all who come this way. Churchill. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n. [ It., (properly) bravery, spirit, from bravo. See Brave. ] (Mus.) A florid, brilliant style of music, written for effect, to show the range and flexibility of a singer's voice, or the technical force and skill of a performer; virtuoso music. [ 1913 Webster ]

Aria di bravura ety>[ It. ], a florid air demanding brilliant execution. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ G. burggraf; burg fortress + graf count: cf. D. burggraaf, F. burgrave. See Margrave. ] (Germany) Originally, one appointed to the command of a burg (fortress or castle); but the title afterward became hereditary, with a domain attached. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. ] See Burggrave. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. caravane (cf. Sp. caravana), fr. Per. karwān a caravan (in sense 1). Cf. Van a wagon. ] 1. A company of travelers, pilgrims, or merchants, organized and equipped for a long journey, or marching or traveling together, esp. through deserts and countries infested by robbers or hostile tribes, as in Asia or Africa. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A large, covered wagon, or a train of such wagons, for conveying wild beasts, etc., for exhibition; an itinerant show, as of wild beasts. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. A covered vehicle for carrying passengers or for moving furniture, etc.; -- sometimes shorted into van. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. F. caravanier. ] The leader or driver of the camels in caravan. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. the practice of taking holidays in a caravan. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n.; pl. Caravansaries [ F. caravansérai, fr. Per. karwānsarāï; karwān caravan + -sarāï palace, large house, inn. ] A kind of inn, in the East, where caravans rest at night, being a large, rude, unfurnished building, surrounding a court. [ Written also caravanserai and caravansera. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. caravelle (cf. It. caravella, Sp. carabela), fr. Sp. caraba a kind of vessel, fr. L. carabus a kind of light boat, fr. Gr. ka`rabos a kind of light ship, NGr. kara`bi ship, vessel. ] [ written also carvel and caravelle. ] (Naut.) A name given to several kinds of vessels. (a) The caravel of the 16th century was a small vessel with broad bows, high, narrow poop, four masts, and lateen sails. Columbus commanded three caravels on his great voyage. (b) A Portuguese vessel of 100 or 150 tons burden. (c) A small fishing boat used on the French coast. (d) A Turkish man-of-war. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Pref. contra- + vallation: cf. F. contrevallation. Cf. Countervallation. ] (Fort.) A trench guarded with a parapet, constructed by besiegers, to secure themselves and check sallies of the besieged. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Contravened p. pr. & vb. n. Contravening. ] [ LL. contravenire; L. contra + venire to come: cf. F. contrevenir. See Come. ] 1. To meet in the way of opposition; to come into conflict with; to oppose; to contradict; to obstruct the operation of; to defeat. [ 1913 Webster ]

So plain a proposition . . . was not likely to be contravened. Southey. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To violate; to nullify; to be inconsistent with; as, to contravene a law. [ 1913 Webster ]

Laws that place the subjects in such a state contravene the first principles of the compact of authority. Johnson.

Syn. -- To contradict; set aside; nullify; defeat; cross; obstruct; baffle; thwart. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One who contravenes. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. F. contravention. ] The act of contravening; opposition; obstruction; transgression; violation. [ 1913 Webster ]

Warrants in contravention of the acts of Parliament. Macaulay. [ 1913 Webster ]

In contravention of all his marriage stipulations. Motley. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A turning to the opposite side; antistrophe. Congreve. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. cravate, fr. Cravate a Croat, an inhabitant of Croatia, one of a body of Austrian troops, from whom, in 1636, this article of dress was adopted in France. ] A neckcloth; a piece of silk, fine muslin, or other cloth, worn by men about the neck. [ 1913 Webster ]

While his wig was combed and his cravat tied. Macaulay. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Wearing a cravat. [ 1913 Webster ]

The young men faultlessly appointed, handsomely cravatted. Thackeray. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Craved p pr. & vb. n. Craving. ] [ AS. crafian; akin to Icel. krefja, Sw. kräfva, Dan. kræve. ] 1. To ask with earnestness or importunity; to ask with submission or humility; to beg; to entreat; to beseech; to implore. [ 1913 Webster ]

I crave your honor's pardon. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

Joseph . . . went in boldly unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus. Mark xv. 43. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To call for, as a gratification; to long for; hence, to require or demand; as, the stomach craves food. [ 1913 Webster ]

His path is one that eminently craves weary walking. Edmund Gurney.

Syn. -- To ask; seek; beg; beseech; implore; entreat; solicit; request; supplicate; adjure. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. To desire strongly; to feel an insatiable longing; as, a craving appetite. [ 1913 Webster ]

Once one may crave for love. Suckling. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ OE. cravant, cravaunde, OF. cravant&unr_; struck down, p. p. of cravanter, crevanter, to break, crush, strike down, fr. an assumed LL. crepantare, fr. L. crepans, p. pr. of crepare to break, crack, rattle. Cf. Crevice, Crepitate. ] Cowardly; fainthearted; spiritless. “His craven heart.” Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

The poor craven bridegroom said never a word. Sir. W. Scott. [ 1913 Webster ]

In craven fear of the sarcasm of Dorset. Macaulay. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Formerly written also cravant and cravent. ] A recreant; a coward; a weak-hearted, spiritless fellow. See Recreant, n. [ 1913 Webster ]

King Henry. Is it fit this soldier keep his oath?
Fluellen. He is a craven and a villain else. Shak.

Syn. -- Coward; poltroon; dastard. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Cravened p. pr. & vb. n. Cravening. ] To make recreant, weak, spiritless, or cowardly. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

There is a prohibition so divine,
That cravens my weak hand. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One who craves or begs. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Vehement or urgent desire; longing for; beseeching. [ 1913 Webster ]

A succession of cravings and satiety. L'Estrange.

-- Crav"ing*ly, adv. -- Crav"ing*ness, n. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. degravare, degravatum, to make heavy. See Grave, a. ] The act of making heavy. [ Obs. ] Bailey. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. depravitio, from depravare: cf. F. dépravation. See Deprave. ] 1. Detraction; depreciation. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

To stubborn critics, apt, without a theme,
For depravation. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. The act of depraving, or making anything bad; the act of corrupting. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. The state of being depraved or degenerated; degeneracy; depravity. [ 1913 Webster ]

The depravation of his moral character destroyed his judgment. Sir G. C. Lewis. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. (Med.) Change for the worse; deterioration; morbid perversion.

Syn. -- Depravity; corruption. See Depravity. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Depraved p. pr. & vb. n. Depraving. ] [ L. depravare, depravatum; de- + pravus crooked, distorted, perverse, wicked. ] 1. To speak ill of; to depreciate; to malign; to revile. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

And thou knowest, conscience, I came not to chide
Nor deprave thy person with a proud heart. Piers Plowman. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To make bad or worse; to vitiate; to corrupt. [ 1913 Webster ]

Whose pride depraves each other better part. Spenser.

Syn. -- To corrupt; vitiate; contaminate; pollute. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. In a depraved manner. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Depravity. Hammond. [ 1913 Webster ]