n. The station or dignity of an archbishop; archiepiscopacy. Fuller. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Pertaining to bishops, or government by bishops; episcopal; specifically, of or relating to the Protestant Episcopal Church. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One who belongs to an episcopal church, or adheres to the episcopal form of church government and discipline; a churchman; specifically, in the United States, a member of the Protestant Episcopal Church. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The doctrine and usages of Episcopalians; episcopacy. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. espalier, fr. It. spalliera, fr. spalla shoulder, the same word as F. épaule. See Epaulet. ] (Hort.) A railing or trellis upon which fruit trees or shrubs are trained, as upon a wall; a tree or row of trees so trained. [ 1913 Webster ]

And figs from standard and espalier join. Pope. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Espaliered p. pr. & vb. n. Espaliering. ] To form an espalier of, or to protect by an espalier. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Municipal condition. [ 1913 Webster ]

n.; pl. Municipalities [ Cf. F. municipalité. ] A municipal district; a borough, city, or incorporated town or village. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ Municipal + -ize. ] To bring under municipal oversight or control; as, a municipalized industry.

London people are now determined to centralize and to municipalize such services. The Century. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

prop. adj. same as Nepalese.
Syn. -- Nepalese. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

a. [ Cf. F. opalin. ] Of, pertaining to, or like, opal in appearance; having changeable colors like those of the opal. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. An opaline variety of yellow chalcedony. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

2. Opal glass. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

3. An opaline color or expanse. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Opalized p. pr. & vb. n. Opalizing. ] [ Cf. F. opaliser. ] To convert into opal, or a substance like opal. Lyell. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n., pl. of Palus. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Ceylonese, fr. Skr. pāli row, line, series, applied to the series of Buddhist sacred texts. ] A dialect descended from Sanskrit, and like that, a dead language, except when used as the sacred language of the Buddhist religion in Farther India, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. palus a stake + -ficare (in comp.) to make: cf. F. palification. See -fy. ] The act or practice of driving piles or posts into the ground to make it firm. [ R. ] Sir H. Wotton. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Zool.) Resembling a palus; as, the paliform lobes of the septa in corals. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. palilogia, Gr. palillogi`a; pa`lin again + le`gein to speak. ] (Rhet.) The repetition of a word, or part of a sentence, for the sake of greater emphasis; as, “The living, the living, he shall praise thee.” Is. xxxviii. 19. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ pal + alimony. (ca. 1975) ] a form of alimony paid to a former partner in a romantic relationship after a period of living together, even though the two persons involved were not married to each other. The absence of a formal marriage distinguishes it from alimony. [ PJC ]

n. [ L. palimpsestus, Gr. pali`mpshstos scratched or scraped again, pali`mpshston a palimpsest; pa`lin again + psh^n to rub, rub away: cf. F. palimpseste. ] A parchment which has been written upon twice, the first writing having been erased to make place for the second. The erasures of ancient writings were usually carried on in monasteries, to allow the production of ecclesiastical texts, such as copies of church services and lives of the saints. The difficulty of recovering the original text varied with the process used to prepare the parchment for a fresh writing; the original texts on parchments which had been washed with lime-water and dried were easily recovered by a chemical process, but those erased by scraping the parchment and bleaching are difficult to interpret. Most of the manuscripts underlying the palimpsests that have been revived are fragmentary, but some are of great historical value. One Syriac version of the Four Gospels was discovered in 1895 in St. Catherine's Monastery at Mount Sinai by Mrs. Agnes Smith Lewis. See also the notes below. Longfellow. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ Palimpsest is the name given to ancient parchments which have been used more than once for writing purposes. The conquest of Egypt by the Saracens in the 7th century cut off from Europe the papyrus which was used to write on, and parchment could be had only in limited quantities. So through the dark ages, old manuscripts were used, after removing the first writing upon them. Sometimes the writing was washed off with a sponge, and the parchment smoothed with pumice stone; at other times the letters were scraped away with a sharp blade. Nearly all ancient manuscripts, however, were written with an ink which could not be entirely removed, and traces of a former writing could be seen beneath the new copy. In modern times there have been various efforts to restore these ancient writings by some chemical treatment. In this way have been found copies of the Republic of Cicero, the Institutes of Gaius, a part of the Epistle to the Romans, and other parts of the Old and New Testaments. The Republic of Cicero was covered by a commentary on the Psalms, written by St. Augustine. Student's Cyclopedia, 1897. [ PJC ]

☞ In an auction on November 6, 1998, a 12th-century palimpsest of one of Archimedes' works was sold for 2 million dollars. The 174-page book, the oldest known copy of Archimedes' work, had been owned by a French family since the 1920s, and was sold by Christie's auction house in New York to an unidentified private American collector. The palimpsest volume includes notes and calculations for two of the Greek mathematician's most famous theories, On Floating Bodies and Method of Mechanical Theorems. A Christie's spokesperson said the buyer, who was not identified, indicated that the work would be made available to scholars. Also bidding was the Greek government, which claimed the work was stolen from a library in the former Constantinople, now Istanbul, and belonged to Greece. According to the Athens News Agency, the Patriarchate of Jerusalem took Christie's to court claiming that the manuscript was part of its library, which had been transferred to Istanbul and later to Athens for safekeeping. The court, however, ruled that Christie's had the right to auction the manuscript for a French family, which claimed to own it for the last 75 years since one of the family's ancestors bought it from Orthodox monks in Istanbul. According to the court's ruling, French law applied in the case, under which a person who holds any object for more than 30 years becomes its rightful owner. [ PJC ]

n. [ Gr. pali`ndromos running back again; pa`lin again + dramei^n to run: cf. F. palindrome. ] A word, verse, or sentence, that is the same when read backward or forward; as, madam; Hannah; or Lewd did I live, & evil I did dwel. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } a. Of, pertaining to, or like, a palindrome. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A writer of palindromes. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. Pales, in general; a fence formed with pales or pickets; a limit; an inclosure. [ 1913 Webster ]

They moved within the paling of order and decorum. De Quincey. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. The act of placing pales or stripes on cloth; also, the stripes themselves. [ Obs. ] Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

Paling board, one of the slabs sawed from the sides of a log to fit it to be sawed into boards. [ Eng. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n. [ NL. ] See Palingenesis. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } n. [ Gr. &unr_;; pa`lin again + &unr_; birth: cf. F. palingénésie. See Genesis. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

1. A new birth; a re-creation; a regeneration; a continued existence in different manner or form. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Hence: The passing over of the soul of one person or animal into the body of another person or animal, at the time of the death of the first; the transmigration of souls. Called also metempsychosis. [ PJC ]

3. (Biol.) That form of development of an individual organism in which in which ancestral characteristics occurring during its evolution are conserved by heredity and reproduced, sometimes transiently, in the course of individual development; original simple descent; -- distinguished from cenogenesis (kenogenesis or coenogenesis), in which the mode of individual development has been modified so that the evolutionary process had become obscured. Sometimes, in Zoology, the term is applied to the abrupt metamorphosis of insects, crustaceans, etc. See also the note under recapitulation. [ 1913 Webster +PJC ]

a. Of or pertaining to palingenesis: as, a palingenetic process. -- Pal`in*ge*net"ic*al*ly adv. [1913 Webster]

n. [ L. palinodia, from Gr. &unr_;; pa`lin again + &unr_; a song. See Ode. ] 1. An ode recanting, or retracting, a former one; also, a repetition of an ode. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A retraction; esp., a formal retraction. Sandys. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Of or pertaining to a palinode, or retraction. J. Q. Adams. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. See Palinode. [ Obs. ] Wood. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ So called from L. Palinurus, the pilot of Aeneas. ] (Naut.) An instrument for obtaining directly, without calculation, the true bearing of the sun, and thence the variation of the compass. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. palissade, cf. Sp. palizada, It. palizzata, palizzo, LL. palissata; all fr. L. palus a stake, pale. See Pale a stake. ] 1. (Fort.) A strong, long stake, one end of which is set firmly in the ground, and the other is sharpened; also, a fence formed of such stakes set in the ground as a means of defense. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Any fence made of pales or sharp stakes. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. A line of bold cliffs, esp. one showing basaltic columns; -- usually in pl., and orig. used as the name of the cliffs on the west bank of the lower Hudson. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

Palisade cells (Bot.), vertically elongated parenchyma cells, such as are seen beneath the epidermis of the upper surface of many leaves. --
Palisade worm (Zool.), a nematoid worm (Strongylus armatus), parasitic in the blood vessels of the horse, in which it produces aneurisms, often fatal. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Palisaded; p. pr. & vb. n. Palisading. ] [ Cf. F. palissader. ] To surround, inclose, or fortify, with palisades. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Fort.) A row of palisades set in the ground. [ 1913 Webster ]

n.; pl. Palisadoes A palisade{ 1 }. [ Obs. ] Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To palisade. [ Obs. ] Sterne. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Somewhat pale or wan. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. palissandre. ] (Bot.) (a) Violet wood. (b) Rosewood. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Designating, or of the nature of, a kind of pottery made by Bernard Palissy, in France, in the 16th centry. [ 1913 Webster ]

Palissy ware, glazed pottery like that made by Bernard Palissy; especially, that having figures of fishes, reptiles, etc., in high relief. See Palissy, below. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A papist. [ Obs. ] Baxter. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ LL. papalitas: cf. F. papauté. ] The papacy. [ Obs. ] Ld. Berners. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To make papal. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. To conform to popery. Cowper. [ 1913 Webster ]

n.; pl. Principalities [ L. principalitas preëminence, excellence: cf. F. principalité, principauté. See Principal. ] 1. Sovereignty; supreme power; hence, superiority; predominance; high, or the highest, station. Sir P. Sidney. [ 1913 Webster ]

Your principalities shall come down, even the crown of your glory. Jer. xiii. 18. [ 1913 Webster ]

The prerogative and principality above everything else. Jer. Taylor. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A prince; one invested with sovereignty. “Next upstood Nisroch, of principalities the prime.” Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. The territory or jurisdiction of a prince; or the country which gives title to a prince; as, the principality of Wales. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Gr. &unr_;&unr_;&unr_;&unr_; club-shaped; fr. &unr_;&unr_;&unr_; a club: cf. F. rhopalique. ] (Pros.) Applied to a line or verse in which each successive word has one more syllable than the preceding. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n.; pl. Rhopalia [ NL. ] (Zool.) One of the marginal sensory bodies of medusae belonging to the Discophora. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. See Rhopalic. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Bot.) Relating to, or having the nature of, sepals. [ 1913 Webster ]