n. [ F. architrave, fr. It. architrave; pref. archi- + trave beam, L. trabs. ] (Arch.) (a) The lower division of an entablature, or that part which rests immediately on the column, esp. in classical architecture. See Column. (b) The group of moldings, or other architectural member, above and on both sides of a door or other opening, especially if square in form. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Furnished with an architrave. Cowper. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. betterave; bette beet + rave radish. ] The common beet (Beta vulgaris). [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ Pref. be- + grave; akin to G. begraben, Goth. bigraban to dig a ditch around. ] To bury; also, to engrave. [ Obs. ] Gower. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Compar. Braver; superl. Bravest. ] [ F. brave, It. or Sp. bravo, (orig.) fierce, wild, savage, prob. from. L. barbarus. See Barbarous, and cf. Bravo. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

1. Bold; courageous; daring; intrepid; -- opposed to cowardly; as, a brave man; a brave act. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Having any sort of superiority or excellence; -- especially such as in conspicuous. [ Obs. or Archaic as applied to material things. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Iron is a brave commodity where wood aboundeth. Bacon. [ 1913 Webster ]

It being a brave day, I walked to Whitehall. Pepys. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Making a fine show or display. [ Archaic ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Wear my dagger with the braver grace. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

For I have gold, and therefore will be brave.
In silks I'll rattle it of every color. Robert Greene. [ 1913 Webster ]

Frog and lizard in holiday coats
And turtle brave in his golden spots. Emerson. [ 1913 Webster ]

Syn. -- Courageous; gallant; daring; valiant; valorous; bold; heroic; intrepid; fearless; dauntless; magnanimous; high-spirited; stout-hearted. See Gallant. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. A brave person; one who is daring. [ 1913 Webster ]

The star-spangled banner, O, long may it wave
O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave. F. S. Key. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Specifically, an Indian warrior. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. A man daring beyond discretion; a bully. [ 1913 Webster ]

Hot braves like thee may fight. Dryden. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. A challenge; a defiance; bravado. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Demetrius, thou dost overween in all;
And so in this, to bear me down with braves. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Braved p. pr. & vb. n. Braving. ] 1. To encounter with courage and fortitude; to set at defiance; to defy; to dare. [ 1913 Webster ]

These I can brave, but those I can not bear. Dryden. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To adorn; to make fine or showy. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Thou [ a tailor whom Grunio was browbeating ] hast braved meny men; brave not me; I'll neither be faced or braved. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. 1. In a brave manner; courageously; gallantly; valiantly; splendidly; nobly. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Finely; gaudily; gayly; showily. [ 1913 Webster ]

And [ she ] decked herself bravely to allure the eyes of all men that should see her. Judith. x. 4. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Well; thrivingly; prosperously. [ Colloq. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The quality of state or being brave. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. F. braverie. ] 1. The quality of being brave; fearless; intrepidity. [ 1913 Webster ]

Remember, sir, my liege, . . .
The natural bravery of your isle. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. The act of braving; defiance; bravado. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Reform, then, without bravery or scandal of former times and persons. Bacon. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Splendor; magnificence; showy appearance; ostentation; fine dress. [ 1913 Webster ]

With scarfs and fans and double change of bravery. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

Like a stately ship . . .
With all her bravery on, and tackle trim. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. A showy person; a fine gentleman; a beau. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

A man that is the bravery of his age. Beau. & Fl. [ 1913 Webster ]

Syn. -- Courage; heroism; interpidity; gallantry; valor; fearlessness; dauntlessness; hardihood; manfulness. See Courage, and Heroism. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ G. burggraf; burg fortress + graf count: cf. D. burggraaf, F. burgrave. See Margrave. ] (Germany) Originally, one appointed to the command of a burg (fortress or castle); but the title afterward became hereditary, with a domain attached. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. ] See Burggrave. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. caravelle (cf. It. caravella, Sp. carabela), fr. Sp. caraba a kind of vessel, fr. L. carabus a kind of light boat, fr. Gr. ka`rabos a kind of light ship, NGr. kara`bi ship, vessel. ] [ written also carvel and caravelle. ] (Naut.) A name given to several kinds of vessels. (a) The caravel of the 16th century was a small vessel with broad bows, high, narrow poop, four masts, and lateen sails. Columbus commanded three caravels on his great voyage. (b) A Portuguese vessel of 100 or 150 tons burden. (c) A small fishing boat used on the French coast. (d) A Turkish man-of-war. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Contravened p. pr. & vb. n. Contravening. ] [ LL. contravenire; L. contra + venire to come: cf. F. contrevenir. See Come. ] 1. To meet in the way of opposition; to come into conflict with; to oppose; to contradict; to obstruct the operation of; to defeat. [ 1913 Webster ]

So plain a proposition . . . was not likely to be contravened. Southey. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To violate; to nullify; to be inconsistent with; as, to contravene a law. [ 1913 Webster ]

Laws that place the subjects in such a state contravene the first principles of the compact of authority. Johnson.

Syn. -- To contradict; set aside; nullify; defeat; cross; obstruct; baffle; thwart. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One who contravenes. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. F. contravention. ] The act of contravening; opposition; obstruction; transgression; violation. [ 1913 Webster ]

Warrants in contravention of the acts of Parliament. Macaulay. [ 1913 Webster ]

In contravention of all his marriage stipulations. Motley. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A turning to the opposite side; antistrophe. Congreve. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Craved p pr. & vb. n. Craving. ] [ AS. crafian; akin to Icel. krefja, Sw. kräfva, Dan. kræve. ] 1. To ask with earnestness or importunity; to ask with submission or humility; to beg; to entreat; to beseech; to implore. [ 1913 Webster ]

I crave your honor's pardon. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

Joseph . . . went in boldly unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus. Mark xv. 43. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To call for, as a gratification; to long for; hence, to require or demand; as, the stomach craves food. [ 1913 Webster ]

His path is one that eminently craves weary walking. Edmund Gurney.

Syn. -- To ask; seek; beg; beseech; implore; entreat; solicit; request; supplicate; adjure. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. To desire strongly; to feel an insatiable longing; as, a craving appetite. [ 1913 Webster ]

Once one may crave for love. Suckling. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ OE. cravant, cravaunde, OF. cravant&unr_; struck down, p. p. of cravanter, crevanter, to break, crush, strike down, fr. an assumed LL. crepantare, fr. L. crepans, p. pr. of crepare to break, crack, rattle. Cf. Crevice, Crepitate. ] Cowardly; fainthearted; spiritless. “His craven heart.” Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

The poor craven bridegroom said never a word. Sir. W. Scott. [ 1913 Webster ]

In craven fear of the sarcasm of Dorset. Macaulay. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Formerly written also cravant and cravent. ] A recreant; a coward; a weak-hearted, spiritless fellow. See Recreant, n. [ 1913 Webster ]

King Henry. Is it fit this soldier keep his oath?
Fluellen. He is a craven and a villain else. Shak.

Syn. -- Coward; poltroon; dastard. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Cravened p. pr. & vb. n. Cravening. ] To make recreant, weak, spiritless, or cowardly. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

There is a prohibition so divine,
That cravens my weak hand. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One who craves or begs. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Depraved p. pr. & vb. n. Depraving. ] [ L. depravare, depravatum; de- + pravus crooked, distorted, perverse, wicked. ] 1. To speak ill of; to depreciate; to malign; to revile. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

And thou knowest, conscience, I came not to chide
Nor deprave thy person with a proud heart. Piers Plowman. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To make bad or worse; to vitiate; to corrupt. [ 1913 Webster ]

Whose pride depraves each other better part. Spenser.

Syn. -- To corrupt; vitiate; contaminate; pollute. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. In a depraved manner. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Depravity. Hammond. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Depravity. [ Obs. ] Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One who depraves or corrupts. [ 1913 Webster ]

old imp. of Drive. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. 1. To inspire with bravery. [ Obs. ] Beaumont. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To decorate; to make showy and fine. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

And with sad cypress seemly it embraves. Spenser. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ Pref. en- + grave a tomb. Cf. Engrave to carve. ] To deposit in the grave; to bury. [ Obs. ] “Their corses to engrave.” Spenser. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. Engraved p. p. Engraved or Engraven p. pr. & vb. n. Engraving. ] [ Pref. en- + grave to carve: cf. OF. engraver. ] 1. To cut in; to make by incision. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Full many wounds in his corrupted flesh
He did engrave. Spenser. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To cut with a graving instrument in order to form an inscription or pictorial representation; to carve figures; to mark with incisions. [ 1913 Webster ]

Like . . . . a signet thou engrave the two stones with the names of the children of Israel. Ex. xxviii. 11. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. To form or represent by means of incisions upon wood, stone, metal, or the like; as, to engrave an inscription. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. To impress deeply; to infix, as if with a graver. [ 1913 Webster ]

Engrave principles in men's minds. Locke. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. 1. Made by engraving or ornamented with engraving. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Zoöl.) Having the surface covered with irregular, impressed lines. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. Engraving. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Engraved work. [ R. ] Barrow. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One who engraves; a person whose business it is to produce engraved work, especially on metal or wood. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The trade or work of an engraver. [ R. ] Sir T. Browne. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Pref. extra- + L. vena vein. ] Let out of the veins. [ Obs. ] “Extravenate blood.” Glanvill. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Pref. extra- + L. vertere, versum, to turn: cf. F. extraversion. ] The act of throwing out; the state of being turned or thrown out. [ Obs. ] Boyle. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. (Naut.) To clean, as a vessel's bottom, of barnacles, grass, etc., and pay it over with pitch; -- so called because graves or greaves was formerly used for this purpose. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Compar. Graver superl. Gravest. ] [ F., fr. L. gravis heavy; cf. It. & Sp. grave heavy, grave. See Grief. ] 1. Of great weight; heavy; ponderous. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

His shield grave and great. Chapman. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Of importance; momentous; weighty; influential; sedate; serious; -- said of character, relations, etc.; as, grave deportment, character, influence, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

Most potent, grave, and reverend seigniors. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

A grave and prudent law, full of moral equity. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Not light or gay; solemn; sober; plain; as, a grave color; a grave face. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. (Mus.) (a) Not acute or sharp; low; deep; -- said of sound; as, a grave note or key. [ 1913 Webster ]

The thicker the cord or string, the more grave is the note or tone. Moore (Encyc. of Music).

(b) Slow and solemn in movement. [ 1913 Webster ]

Grave accent. (Pron.) See the Note under Accent, n., 2.

Syn. -- Solemn; sober; serious; sage; staid; demure; thoughtful; sedate; weighty; momentous; important. -- Grave, Sober, Serious, Solemn. Sober supposes the absence of all exhilaration of spirits, and is opposed to gay or flighty; as, sober thought. Serious implies considerateness or reflection, and is opposed to jocose or sportive; as, serious and important concerns. Grave denotes a state of mind, appearance, etc., which results from the pressure of weighty interests, and is opposed to hilarity of feeling or vivacity of manner; as, a qrave remark; qrave attire. Solemn is applied to a case in which gravity is carried to its highest point; as, a solemn admonition; a solemn promise. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. Graved p. p. Graven r Graved; p. pr. & vb. n. Graving. ] [ AS. grafan to dig, grave, engrave; akin to OFries. greva, D. graven, G. graben, OHG. & Goth. graban, Dan. grabe, Sw. gräfva, Icel. grafa, but prob. not to Gr. gra`fein to write, E. graphic. Cf. Grave, n., Grove, n. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

1. To dig. [ Obs. ] Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

He hath graven and digged up a pit. Ps. vii. 16 (Book of Common Prayer). [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To carve or cut, as letters or figures, on some hard substance; to engrave. [ 1913 Webster ]

Thou shalt take two onyx stones, and grave on them the names of the children of Israel. Ex. xxviii. 9. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. To carve out or give shape to, by cutting with a chisel; to sculpture; as, to grave an image. [ 1913 Webster ]

With gold men may the hearte grave. Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. To impress deeply (on the mind); to fix indelibly. [ 1913 Webster ]

O! may they graven in thy heart remain. Prior. [ 1913 Webster ]

5. To entomb; to bury. [ Obs. ] Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

Lie full low, graved in the hollow ground. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. To write or delineate on hard substances, by means of incised lines; to practice engraving. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ AS. gr?f, fr. grafan to dig; akin to D. & OS. graf, G. grab, Icel. gröf, Russ. grob' grave, coffin. See Grave to carve. ] An excavation in the earth as a place of burial; also, any place of interment; a tomb; a sepulcher. Hence: Death; destruction. [ 1913 Webster ]

He bad lain in the grave four days. John xi. 17. [ 1913 Webster ]

Grave wax, adipocere. [ 1913 Webster ]

A final syllable signifying a ruler, as in landgrave, margrave. See Margrave. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. pl. The clothes or dress in which the dead are interred. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. A digger of graves. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Zool.) See Burying beetle, under Bury, v. t. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ OF. gravele, akin to F. gr?ve a sandy shore, strand; of Celtic origin; cf. Armor. grouan gravel, W. gro coarse gravel, pebbles, and Skr. grāvan stone. ] 1. Small stones, or fragments of stone; very small pebbles, often intermixed with particles of sand. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Med.) A deposit of small calculous concretions in the kidneys and the urinary or gall bladder; also, the disease of which they are a symptom. [ 1913 Webster ]

Gravel powder, a coarse gunpowder; pebble powder. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Graveled r Gravelled; p. pr. & vb. n. Graveling or Gravelling. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

1. To cover with gravel; as, to gravel a walk. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To run (as a ship) upon the gravel or beach; to run aground; to cause to stick fast in gravel or sand. [ 1913 Webster ]

When we were fallen into a place between two seas, they graveled the ship. Acts xxvii. 41 (Rhemish version). [ 1913 Webster ]

Willam the Conqueror . . . chanced as his arrival to be graveled; and one of his feet stuck so fast in the sand that he fell to the ground. Camden. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. To check or stop; to embarrass; to perplex. [ Colloq. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

When you were graveled for lack of matter. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

The physician was so graveled and amazed withal, that he had not a word more to say. Sir T. North. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. To hurt or lame (a horse) by gravel lodged between the shoe and foot. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Without a grave; unburied.

n. State of being gravelly. [ 1913 Webster ]