{ n. Also }. [ Etym. uncertain. ] (Wrestling) A throw in which the wrestler lifts his opponent from the ground, swings him to one side, knocks up his nearer thigh from the back with the knee, and throws him on his back. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

[ Gr. "ype`r over, above; akin to L. super, E. over. See Over, and cf. Super-.] 1. A prefix signifying over, above; as, hyperphysical, hyperthyrion; also, above measure, abnormally great, excessive; as, hyperæmia, hyperbola, hypercritical, hypersecretion. [1913 Webster]

2. (Chem.) A prefix equivalent to super- or per-; as hyperoxide, or peroxide. [Obs.] See Per-. [1913 Webster]

a. Exhibiting hyperactivity. [ PJC ]

n. An unusually high level of activity; -- used especially with respect to children who move around frequently and do not sit still very long, most noticeably in school. It is sometimes associated with attention deficit disorder. [ PJC ]

‖n. [ NL., fr. Gr. "ype`r over + a"i^ma blood. ] (Med.) A superabundance or congestion of blood in an organ or part of the body. [ 1913 Webster ]

Active hyperæmia, congestion due to increased flow of blood to a part. --
Passive hyperæmia, interchange due to obstruction in the return of blood from a part.

-- Hy`per*æ"mic a. [1913 Webster]

‖n. [ NL., fr. Gr. "ype`r over + &unr_; sense, perception.] (Med. & Physiol.) A state of exalted or morbidly increased sensibility of the body, or of a part of it. -- Hy`per*æs*thet"ic a. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n.; pl. Hyperapophyses [ NL. See Hyper-, and Apophysis. ] (Anat.) A lateral and backward-projecting process on the dorsal side of a vertebra. -- Hy`per*ap`o*phys"i*al a. [1913 Webster]

n. [ Gr. &unr_;, fr. &unr_; to cover with a shield; "ype`r over + &unr_; shield.] One who holds a shield over another; hence, a defender. [Obs.] Chillingworth. [1913 Webster]

a. [ hyper- + baric. ] 1. Of, pertaining to, or using a pressure that is greater than normal atmospheric pressure; as, a hyperbaric chamber, where divers may decompress slowly to avoid the bends. [ PJC ]

2. Of, pertaining to, or using an oxygen pressure that is greater than that at normal atmospheric pressure; as, a hyperbaric tent to provide additional oxygen to patients with breathing difficulty. [ PJC ]

a. Of or pertaining to an hyperbaton; transposed; inverted. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n. [ L., fr. Gr. "ype`rbaton, fr. "yperbato`s transposed, fr. "yperbai`nein to step over; "ype`r over + bai`nein to step. ] (Gram.) A figurative construction, changing or inverting the natural order of words or clauses; as, “echoed the hills” for “the hills echoed.” [ 1913 Webster ]

With a violent hyperbaton to transpose the text. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. "yperbolh`, prop., an overshooting, excess, i. e., of the angle which the cutting plane makes with the base. See Hyperbole.] (Geom.) A curve formed by a section of a cone, when the cutting plane makes a greater angle with the base than the side of the cone makes. It is a plane curve such that the difference of the distances from any point of it to two fixed points, called foci, is equal to a given distance. See Focus. If the cutting plane be produced so as to cut the opposite cone, another curve will be formed, which is also an hyperbola. Both curves are regarded as branches of the same hyperbola. See Illust. of Conic section, and Focus. [1913 Webster]

n. [ L., fr. Gr "yperbolh`, prop., an overshooting, excess, fr. Gr. "yperba`llein to throw over or beyond; "ype`r over + ba`llein to throw. See Hyper-, Parable, and cf. Hyperbola.] (Rhet.) A figure of speech in which the expression is an evident exaggeration of the meaning intended to be conveyed, or by which things are represented as much greater or less, better or worse, than they really are; a statement exaggerated fancifully, through excitement, or for effect. [1913 Webster]

Our common forms of compliment are almost all of them extravagant hyperboles. Blair. [1913 Webster]

Somebody has said of the boldest figure in rhetoric, the hyperbole, that it lies without deceiving. Macaulay.

{ } a. [ L. hyperbolicus, Gr. "yperboliko`s: cf. F. hyperbolique.] 1. (Math.) Belonging to the hyperbola; having the nature of the hyperbola. [1913 Webster]

2. (Rhet.) Relating to, containing, or of the nature of, hyperbole; exaggerating or diminishing beyond the fact; exceeding the truth; as, an hyperbolical expression. “This hyperbolical epitaph.” Fuller. [1913 Webster]

Hyperbolic functions (Math.), certain functions which have relations to the hyperbola corresponding to those which sines, cosines, tangents, etc., have to the circle; and hence, called hyperbolic sines, hyperbolic cosines, etc. --
Hyperbolic logarithm. See Logarithm. --
Hyperbolic spiral (Math.), a spiral curve, the law of which is, that the distance from the pole to the generating point varies inversely as the angle swept over by the radius vector. [1913 Webster]

adv. 1. (Math.) In the form of an hyperbola. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Rhet.) With exaggeration; in a manner to express more or less than the truth. Sir W. Raleigh. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Hyperbola + -form. ] Having the form, or nearly the form, of an hyperbola. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. F. hyperbolisme. ] The use of hyperbole. Jefferson. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One who uses hyperboles. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Hyperbolized p. pr. & vb. n. Hyperbolizing ] [ Cf. F. hyperboliser. ] To speak or write with exaggeration. Bp. Montagu. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To state or represent hyperbolically. Fotherby. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Hyperbola + -oid: cf. F. hyperboloïde. ] (Geom.) A surface of the second order, which is cut by certain planes in hyperbolas; also, the solid, bounded in part by such a surface. [ 1913 Webster ]

Hyperboloid of revolution, an hyperboloid described by an hyperbola revolving about one of its axes. The surface has two separate sheets when the axis of revolution is the transverse axis, but only one when the axis of revolution is the conjugate axis of the hyperbola. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Geom.) Having some property that belongs to an hyperboloid or hyperbola. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ L. hyperboreus, Gr. &unr_;; "ype`r over, beyond + &unr_;. See Boreas.] 1. (Greek Myth.) Of or pertaining to the region beyond the North wind, or to its inhabitants. [1913 Webster]

2. Northern; belonging to, or inhabiting, a region in very far north; most northern; hence, very cold; fright, as, a hyperborean coast or atmosphere. [1913 Webster]

The hyperborean or frozen sea. C. Butler (1633). [1913 Webster]

n. 1. (Greek Myth.) One of the people who lived beyond the North wind, in a land of perpetual sunshine. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. An inhabitant of the most northern regions. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Chem.) Having an excessive proportion of carbonic acid; -- said of bicarbonates or acid carbonates. [ Written also hypercarburetted. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ L. hypercatalecticus, hypercatalectus, Gr. &unr_;: cf. F. hypercatalectique. See Hyper-, and Catalectic. ] (Pros.) Having a syllable or two beyond measure; as, a hypercatalectic verse. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Chem.) See Perchloric. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The condition of having an unusual intensity of color. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Pref. hyper- + critic: cf. F. hypercritique. ] One who is critical beyond measure or reason; a carping critic; a captious censor. “Hypercritics in English poetry.” Dryden. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Hypercritical. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. 1. Over critical; unreasonably or unjustly critical; carping; captious. “Hypercritical readers.” Swift. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Excessively nice or exact. Evelyn. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. In a hypercritical manner. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To criticise with unjust severity; to criticise captiously. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Excessive criticism, or unjust severity or rigor of criticism; zoilism. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A mathematical object existing in more than three dimensions, analogous to the cube in that each two-dimensional facet of the surface is a square; a generalization of a cube in more than three dimensions. [ PJC ]

a. (Physiol.) Excessive dicrotic; as, a hyperdicrotic pulse. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Physiol.) A hyperdicrotic condition. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Physiol.) Hyperdicrotic. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n. [ Pref. hyper- + dulia: cf. F. hyperdulie. ] (R. C. Ch.) Veneration or worship given to the Virgin Mary as the most exalted of mere creatures; higher veneration than dulia. Addis & Arnold. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Hyperdulia. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Rocketry) A substance which can form one of a pair of hypergolic substances. See hypergolic. [ PJC ]

a. (Rocketry) Igniting spontaneously when mixed together; -- used of pairs of substances which react violently with evolution of heat when mixed, as for example hydrazine and nitrogen tetroxide. Such combinations of substances are convenient for use in liquid-fueled rockets, as they do not require a source of ignition. [ PJC ]

n. Same as Hyperæsthesia. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n. [ L., fr. Gr. &unr_;, &unr_;; &unr_; under, among + &unr_;, &unr_;, heath, heather. ] (Bot.) A genus of plants, generally with dotted leaves and yellow flowers; -- called also St. John's-wort. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. an unusually rapid rate of monetary inflation, as when prices rise more than 100 per cent per year. A famous example occurred in Germany after the first World War, reaching its peak in the period 1923. When the hyperinflation ended by 1924, the value of the mark had decreased by more than one trillion times compared to its value in 1914. Periods of lesser hyperinflation have occurred in many other countries, as in Russia in 1994. [ PJC ]

‖n. [ NL., fr. Gr. "ype`r over + &unr_;, &unr_;, strength, fiber.] (Med.) A condition of the blood, characterized by an abnormally large amount of fibrin, as in many inflammatory diseases. [1913 Webster]

n. [ L., fr. Gr. &unr_;. ] (Class Myth.) The god of the sun; in the later mythology identified with Apollo, and distinguished for his beauty. [ 1913 Webster ]

So excellent a king; that was, to this,
Hyperion to a satyr. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n. [ NL., fr. Gr. "ype`r over + &unr_; motion.] (Med.) Abnormally increased muscular movement; spasm. [1913 Webster]

a. Of or pertaining to hyperkinesis. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Hyper- + metamorphosis. ] (Zool.) A kind of metamorphosis, in certain insects, in which the larva itself undergoes remarkable changes of form and structure during its growth. [ 1913 Webster ]