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ลองค้นหาคำในรูปแบบอื่น ๆ เพื่อให้ได้ผลลัพธ์มากขึ้นหรือน้อยลง: -arduou-, *arduou*
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Longdo Dictionary ภาษา อังกฤษ (EN) - อังกฤษ (EN) (UNAPPROVED version -- use with care )  **ระวัง คำแปลอาจมีข้อผิดพลาด**
arduous(n, vi, vt, modal, verb, aux, verb, adj, adv, prep, conj, pron, phrase, jargon, slang, colloq, vulgar, abbrev, name, o) ปีนยาก

English-Thai: NECTEC's Lexitron-2 Dictionary [with local updates]
arduous(adj) ชัน, See also: ยากที่จะปีนได้, Syn. steep
arduous(adj) ยากลำบาก, See also: ยากเข็ญ, หนักหน่วง, เหน็ดเหนื่อย, Syn. laborious, hard
arduousness(n) ความยากลำบาก, See also: ความยากเข็บ, Syn. difficulty;

English-Thai: HOPE Dictionary [with local updates]
arduous(อาร์'ดิวเอิส) adj. ยากลำบาก, ตรากตรำ, อย่างแรง, ขัน. -arduous- ness n., Syn. difficult, laborious

English-Thai: Nontri Dictionary
arduous(adj) ยาก, ลำบาก, ตรากตรำ

Thai-English: NECTEC's Lexitron-2 Dictionary [with local updates]
ตัวเป็นเกลียว(adv) strenuously, See also: arduously, laboriously, Syn. ขยัน, Example: เด็กสามคนทำมาหากินช่วยเหลือครอบครัวตัวเป็นเกลียวทำให้พวกเขาไม่ได้เรียนหนังสือ, Thai Definition: ขยันทำงานอย่างหนักจนไม่มีเวลา
ตัวเป็นเกลียว(adv) strenuously, See also: arduously, laboriously, Syn. ขยัน, Example: เด็กสามคนทำมาหากินช่วยเหลือครอบครัวตัวเป็นเกลียวทำให้พวกเขาไม่ได้เรียนหนังสือ, Thai Definition: ขยันทำงานอย่างหนักจนไม่มีเวลา
เทวศ(n) hard, See also: arduous, painstaking, difficulty, hardships, trouble, troublesome, laborious, Syn. เทวษ, Thai Definition: ความลำบาก

CMU English Pronouncing Dictionary Dictionary [with local updates]
arduous

Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary (pronunciation guide only)
arduous
arduously

WordNet (3.0)
arduous(adj) characterized by effort to the point of exhaustion; especially physical effort, Syn. punishing, heavy, gruelling, laborious, toilsome, hard, operose, backbreaking, grueling
arduous(adj) taxing to the utmost; testing powers of endurance; ; ; - F.D.Roosevelt, Syn. straining, strenuous
arduous(adj) difficult to accomplish; demanding considerable mental effort and skill
arduously(adv) in an arduous manner
arduousness(n) extreme effortfulness, Syn. strenuousness

The Collaborative International Dictionary of English (GCIDE) v.0.53
Arduous

a. [ L. arduus steep, high; akin to Ir. ard high, height. ] 1. Steep and lofty, in a literal sense; hard to climb. [ 1913 Webster ]

Those arduous paths they trod. Pope. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Attended with great labor, like the ascending of acclivities; difficult; laborious; as, an arduous employment, task, or enterprise. [ 1913 Webster ]

Syn. -- Difficult; trying; laborious; painful; exhausting. -- Arduous, Hard, Difficult. Hard is simpler, blunter, and more general in sense than difficult; as, a hard duty to perform, hard work, a hard task, one which requires much bodily effort and perseverance to do. Difficult commonly implies more skill and sagacity than hard, as when there is disproportion between the means and the end. A work may be hard but not difficult. We call a thing arduous when it requires strenuous and persevering exertion, like that of one who is climbing a precipice; as, an arduous task, an arduous duty. “It is often difficult to control our feelings; it is still harder to subdue our will; but it is an arduous undertaking to control the unruly and contending will of others.” [ 1913 Webster ]

Arduously

adv. In an arduous manner; with difficulty or laboriousness. [ 1913 Webster ]

Arduousness

n. The quality of being arduous; difficulty of execution. [ 1913 Webster ]

Chinese-English: CC-CEDICT Dictionary
艰巨[jiān jù, ㄐㄧㄢ ㄐㄩˋ,   /  ] arduous; terrible (task); very difficult; formidable #8,867 [Add to Longdo]
险峻[xiǎn jùn, ㄒㄧㄢˇ ㄐㄩㄣˋ,   /  ] arduous; steep #35,702 [Add to Longdo]

Japanese-English: EDICT Dictionary
アージュアス[a-juasu] (adj-no) arduous [Add to Longdo]
刻苦精進[こっくしょうじん, kokkushoujin] (n, vs) being arduous; working diligently enduring hardships; making a strenuous effort [Add to Longdo]
刻苦精励[こっくせいれい, kokkuseirei] (n, vs) being arduous; working diligently enduring hardships; making a strenuous effort [Add to Longdo]
刻苦勉励[こっくべんれい, kokkubenrei] (n, vs) being arduous; working diligently enduring hardships [Add to Longdo]
大儀[たいぎ, taigi] (n) (1) state ceremony; (adj-na) (2) laborious; troublesome; irksome; arduous [Add to Longdo]

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