| 因 | - (いん) (n) (1) cause; factor; (2) {Buddh} (See 縁・えん・5) hetu (direct cause, esp. as opposed to indirect conditions); (3) (See 因明) the basis of one's argument (in hetuvidya); (P) [EDICT]
- (よすが;よすか(ok)) (n) (1) something to rely on; aid; clue; way; means; (2) someone to rely on; relative; (3) reminder; memento [EDICT]
- (yīn, ㄧㄣ) cause; reason; because [CE-DICT]
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| 为 | - (wéi, ㄨㄟˊ) as (in the capacity of); to take sth as; to act as; to serve as; to behave as; to become; to be; to do [CE-DICT]
- (wèi, ㄨㄟˋ) because of; for; to [CE-DICT]
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| 是 | - (これ) (pn) (1) (uk) (See 何れ・1,其れ・1,彼・あれ・1) this (indicating an item near the speaker, the action of the speaker, or the current topic); (2) (hum) this person (usu. indicating someone in one's in-group); (3) now; (4) (arch) here; (5) (arch) I (me); (6) (arch) certainly; (P) [EDICT]
- (ぜ) (n) righteousness; justice; right [EDICT]
- (shì, ㄕˋ) is; are; am; yes; to be [CE-DICT]
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| 这 | - (zhè, ㄓㄜˋ) this; these; (commonly pronounced zhei4 before a classifier, esp. in Beijing) [CE-DICT]
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| 个 | - (か;カ) (ctr) counter for the ichi-ni-san counting system (usu. directly preceding the item being counted); a noun read using its on-yomi [EDICT]
- (gè, ㄍㄜˋ) individual; this; that; size; classifier for people or objects in general [CE-DICT]
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| 曾 | - (ひい;ひ;そう) (pref) great (i.e. great-grandson, great-grandmother) [EDICT]
- (céng, ㄘㄥˊ) once; already; former; previously; (past tense marker used before verb or clause) [CE-DICT]
- (zēng, ㄗㄥ) surname Zeng; great-grand (father) [CE-DICT]
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| 国 | - (くに) (n) (1) country; (the) state; (2) region; (3) (obs) (See 国郡里制) province (of Japan); (4) home (i.e. hometown, home country); (5) (arch) land; earth; (P) [EDICT]
- (guó, ㄍㄨㄛˊ) country; nation; state; national; surname Guo [CE-DICT]
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| 藩 | - (はん) (n,n-suf) fiefdom; domain (precursor to current prefectures); (P) [EDICT]
- (fān, ㄈㄢ) a fence (for defense); a pale; a border; han, a province under a feudal overlord in premodern Japan [CE-DICT]
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