| 難 | - (なん) (n,n-suf) difficulty; hardships; defect; (P) [EDICT]
- (nán, ㄋㄢˊ) difficult (to...); problem; difficulty; difficult; not good [CE-DICT]
- (nàn, ㄋㄢˋ) disaster; distress; to scold [CE-DICT]
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| 堪 | - (kān, ㄎㄢ) endure; may; can [CE-DICT]
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| 因 | - (いん) (n) (1) cause; factor; (2) {Buddh} (See 縁・えん・5) hetu (direct cause, esp. as opposed to indirect conditions); (3) (See 因明) the basis of one's argument (in hetuvidya); (P) [EDICT]
- (よすが;よすか(ok)) (n) (1) something to rely on; aid; clue; way; means; (2) someone to rely on; relative; (3) reminder; memento [EDICT]
- (yīn, ㄧㄣ) cause; reason; because [CE-DICT]
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| 為 | - (す) (vs-c) (uk) (See 為る・1) to do (literary form of suru) [EDICT]
- (ため) (n) (1) (See 為に・1) good; advantage; benefit; welfare; (2) sake; purpose; objective; aim; (3) consequence; result; effect; (4) affecting; regarding; concerning; (P) [EDICT]
- (wéi, ㄨㄟˊ) as (in the capacity of); to take sth as; to act as; to serve as; to behave as; to become; to be; to do [CE-DICT]
- (wèi, ㄨㄟˋ) because of; for; to [CE-DICT]
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| 都 | - (と) (n,adj-no) metropolitan; municipal [EDICT]
- (みやこ) (n) capital; metropolis; (P) [EDICT]
- (dōu, ㄉㄡ) all; both (if two things are involved); entirely (due to) each; even; already [CE-DICT]
- (dū, ㄉㄨ) capital city; metropolis; surname Du [CE-DICT]
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| 是 | - (これ) (pn) (1) (uk) (See 何れ・1,其れ・1,彼・あれ・1) this (indicating an item near the speaker, the action of the speaker, or the current topic); (2) (hum) this person (usu. indicating someone in one's in-group); (3) now; (4) (arch) here; (5) (arch) I (me); (6) (arch) certainly; (P) [EDICT]
- (ぜ) (n) righteousness; justice; right [EDICT]
- (shì, ㄕˋ) is; are; am; yes; to be [CE-DICT]
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| 不 | - (ふ) (pref) un-; non-; negative prefix [EDICT]
- (ぶ) (pref) (1) un-; non-; (2) bad ...; poor ... [EDICT]
- (bù, ㄅㄨˋ) (negative prefix); not; no [CE-DICT]
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| 準 | - (じゅん) (pref) semi-; quasi-; associate; (P) [EDICT]
- (zhǔn, ㄓㄨㄣˇ) accurate; standard [CE-DICT]
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| 確 | - (たしか) แน่นอนว่า, ถ้าจำไม่ผิดคิดว่า [LongdoJP]
- (かく) (adj-t,adv-to) (See 確たる証拠) certain; definite [EDICT]
- (しか) (adv-to) (uk) (obsc) (arch) certainly (for certain) (used in negative sense) [EDICT]
- (たしか) (exp,n,adj-na) (1) certain; sure; definite; (adv) (2) if I'm not mistaken; if I remember correctly; (P) [EDICT]
- (què, ㄑㄩㄝˋ) authenticated; solid; firm; real; true [CE-DICT]
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