| 这 | - (zhè, ㄓㄜˋ) this; these; (commonly pronounced zhei4 before a classifier, esp. in Beijing) [CE-DICT]
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| 也 | - (なり) (aux-v) (1) (uk) (arch) (meaning 〜だ、〜である) to be (an affirmation); (2) (uk) (arch) (meaning 〜にある、〜にいる. Usu. なる) (See なる・1) to be (location); (n,suf) (3) (usu. 也) sum of money (used to express an exact sum on a receipt, envelope, certificate, etc.) [EDICT]
- (yě, ㄧㄝˇ) also; too; (in classical Chinese) final particle serving as copula [CE-DICT]
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| 许 | - (Xǔ, ㄒㄩˇ) surname Xu [CE-DICT]
- (xǔ, ㄒㄩˇ) to allow; to permit; to praise; somewhat; perhaps [CE-DICT]
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| 因 | - (いん) (n) (1) cause; factor; (2) {Buddh} (See 縁・えん・5) hetu (direct cause, esp. as opposed to indirect conditions); (3) (See 因明) the basis of one's argument (in hetuvidya); (P) [EDICT]
- (よすが;よすか(ok)) (n) (1) something to rely on; aid; clue; way; means; (2) someone to rely on; relative; (3) reminder; memento [EDICT]
- (yīn, ㄧㄣ) cause; reason; because [CE-DICT]
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| 为 | - (wéi, ㄨㄟˊ) as (in the capacity of); to take sth as; to act as; to serve as; to behave as; to become; to be; to do [CE-DICT]
- (wèi, ㄨㄟˋ) because of; for; to [CE-DICT]
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| 年 | - (ねん) (n) (1) year (e.g. AD); (ctr) (2) counter for years [EDICT]
- (とし) (n-adv,n) (1) (年 only) year; (n) (2) many years; (suf,n) (3) age; (n-adv,n) (4) past one's prime; old age; (P) [EDICT]
- (とせ) (ctr) (arch) counter for years (following a number in the hito-futa-mi counting system) [EDICT]
- (nián, ㄋㄧㄢˊ) year [CE-DICT]
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| 有 | - (う) (n) {Buddh} bhava (becoming, existence) [EDICT]
- (ゆう) (n) (1) existence; (n,n-pref) (2) possession; having; (3) (abbr) (See 有限会社) limited company; (P) [EDICT]
- (yǒu, ㄧㄡˇ) to have; there is; there are; to exist; to be [CE-DICT]
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| 个 | - (か;カ) (ctr) counter for the ichi-ni-san counting system (usu. directly preceding the item being counted); a noun read using its on-yomi [EDICT]
- (gè, ㄍㄜˋ) individual; this; that; size; classifier for people or objects in general [CE-DICT]
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| 开 | - (kāi, ㄎㄞ) to open; to start; to turn on; to write out (a medical prescription); to operate (vehicle); abbr. for 開爾文|开尔文 degrees Kelvin [CE-DICT]
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| 着 | - (ぎ) (n,n-suf) clothes; outfit; uniform; gi [EDICT]
- (ちゃく) (ctr) (1) counter for suits of clothing; (suf) (2) (See 到着) arriving at ...; (P) [EDICT]
- (zhāo, ㄓㄠ) catch; receive; suffer [CE-DICT]
- (zháo, ㄓㄠˊ) to touch; to come in contact with; to feel; to be affected by; to catch fire; to fall asleep; to burn [CE-DICT]
- (zhe, ㄓㄜ˙) particle attached after verb to indicate action in progress, like -ing ending [CE-DICT]
- (zhuó, ㄓㄨㄛˊ) to wear (clothes); to contact; to use; to apply [CE-DICT]
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| 然 | - (さ) (adv) (arch) so; like that; in that way [EDICT]
- (ぜん) (suf) (often as 〜然とする) -like [EDICT]
- (しか) (int) (1) (arch) like that; as such; (2) yeah; uh-huh [EDICT]
- (rán, ㄖㄢˊ) correct; right; so; thus; like this; -ly [CE-DICT]
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| 后 | - (ご) (suf) (See 午後) after [EDICT]
- (きさき;きさい(后)(ok)) (n) empress; queen [EDICT]
- (hòu, ㄏㄡˋ) empress; queen; surname Hou [CE-DICT]
- (hòu, ㄏㄡˋ) back; behind; rear; afterwards; after; later [CE-DICT]
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| 抗 | - (こう) (pref) anti- [EDICT]
- (kàng, ㄎㄤˋ) to resist; to fight; to defy; anti- [CE-DICT]
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| 议 | - (yì, ㄧˋ) criticize; discuss [CE-DICT]
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