| 这 | - (zhè, ㄓㄜˋ) this; these; (commonly pronounced zhei4 before a classifier, esp. in Beijing) [CE-DICT]
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| 不 | - (ふ) (pref) un-; non-; negative prefix [EDICT]
- (ぶ) (pref) (1) un-; non-; (2) bad ...; poor ... [EDICT]
- (bù, ㄅㄨˋ) (negative prefix); not; no [CE-DICT]
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| 要 | - (かなめ) (n) (1) pivot; (2) vital point; cornerstone; keystone; (3) (See 要黐) Japanese photinia; (P) [EDICT]
- (よう) (n) (1) cornerstone; main point; keystone; (2) requirement; need; (adj-f) (3) necessary; required [EDICT]
- (yāo, ㄧㄠ) demand; ask; request; coerce [CE-DICT]
- (yào, ㄧㄠˋ) important; vital; to want; to be going to; must [CE-DICT]
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| 紧 | - (jǐn, ㄐㄧㄣˇ) tight; nervous; strict [CE-DICT]
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| 如 | - (にょ) (n) {Buddh} (See 真如) tathata (the ultimate nature of all things) [EDICT]
- (ごと(如);こと(如)(ok);もころ(ok)) (n-adv) (See 如し) like; similar to; same as [EDICT]
- (rú, ㄖㄨˊ) as; as if; such as [CE-DICT]
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| 果 | - (か) (n) (1) {Buddh} (See 因・2) phala (attained state, result); (2) {Buddh} (See 悟り・2) enlightenment (as the fruits of one's Buddhist practice); (3) (See 果物) fruit; (ctr) (4) counter for pieces of fruit [EDICT]
- (はたて) (n) (arch) end; limit; extremity [EDICT]
- (guǒ, ㄍㄨㄛˇ) fruit; result [CE-DICT]
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| 在 | - (ざい) (n) (1) country; countryside; (2) outskirts; suburbs; (pref) (3) situated in; resident in [EDICT]
- (zài, ㄗㄞˋ) (located) at; (to be) in; to exist; in the middle of doing sth; (indicating an action in progress) [CE-DICT]
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| 出 | - (しゅつ) (n) (1) coming out; emerging; (2) being born into (a certain family); being a native of (a particular place) [EDICT]
- (で) (n,n-suf) (1) coming out; going out; outflow; efflux; rising (of the sun or moon); (2) attending (work); appearing (on stage); one's turn to go on; (3) start; beginning; (4) origins; background; person (or item) originating from ...; graduate of ...; native of ...; member of ... (lineage); (5) architectural member that projects outward; (6) highest point of the stern of a ship; (7) (uk) (usu. after the -masu stem of a verb as 〜出がある or 〜出がない, etc.) amount (comprising something); amount of time or effort required to do something; (P) [EDICT]
- (chū, ㄔㄨ) to go out; to come out; to occur; to produce; to go beyond; to rise; to put forth; to occur; to happen; classifier for dramas, plays, operas etc [CE-DICT]
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| 生 | - (うぶ) (adj-na,n,adj-no) (1) (esp. 初, 初心) innocent; naive; unsophisticated; inexperienced; green; wet behind the ears; (n-pref) (2) (産, 生) birth- [EDICT]
- (いく) (pref) (arch) vital; virile; lively [EDICT]
- (き) (n,pref) pure; undiluted; raw; crude [EDICT]
- (せい;しょう) (n) (1) life; living; (n,n-suf) (2) (せい only) (male) (hum) I; me; myself [EDICT]
- (なま) (adj-no,adj-na,n,n-pref) (1) raw; uncooked; fresh; (2) natural; unedited; unprocessed; crude; (3) (col) unprotected (i.e. not wearing a condom); (4) live (i.e. not recorded); (5) inexperienced; unpolished; green; (6) (abbr) (See 御生,生意気) impudence; sauciness; (7) (abbr) (See 生ビール) unpasteurized beer; draft beer; draught beer; (pref) (8) partially; somewhat; half-; semi-; (P) [EDICT]
- (ふ) (n,n-suf) (See 芝生) area of thick growth (of trees, grass, etc.) [EDICT]
- (なまり) (n) (uk) (abbr) (See 生り節) boiled and half-dried bonito [EDICT]
- (shēng, ㄕㄥ) to be born; to give birth; life; to grow [CE-DICT]
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| 因 | - (いん) (n) (1) cause; factor; (2) {Buddh} (See 縁・えん・5) hetu (direct cause, esp. as opposed to indirect conditions); (3) (See 因明) the basis of one's argument (in hetuvidya); (P) [EDICT]
- (よすが;よすか(ok)) (n) (1) something to rely on; aid; clue; way; means; (2) someone to rely on; relative; (3) reminder; memento [EDICT]
- (yīn, ㄧㄣ) cause; reason; because [CE-DICT]
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| 为 | - (wéi, ㄨㄟˊ) as (in the capacity of); to take sth as; to act as; to serve as; to behave as; to become; to be; to do [CE-DICT]
- (wèi, ㄨㄟˋ) because of; for; to [CE-DICT]
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| 还 | - (hái, ㄏㄞˊ) also; in addition; more; still; else; still; yet; (not) yet [CE-DICT]
- (huán, ㄏㄨㄢˊ) pay back; return; surname Huan [CE-DICT]
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| 有 | - (う) (n) {Buddh} bhava (becoming, existence) [EDICT]
- (ゆう) (n) (1) existence; (n,n-pref) (2) possession; having; (3) (abbr) (See 有限会社) limited company; (P) [EDICT]
- (yǒu, ㄧㄡˇ) to have; there is; there are; to exist; to be [CE-DICT]
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| 早 | - (はや) (n) already; now; by this time; (P) [EDICT]
- (はよ) (n,adv) (abbr) (See 早う) early [EDICT]
- (zǎo, ㄗㄠˇ) early; morning [CE-DICT]
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| 上 | - (かみ) ยอด, ส่วนบน, ข้างบน [LongdoJP]
- (うえ) (n,adj-no,n-adv,n-suf) (1) above; up; over; elder (e.g. daughter); (2) top; summit; (3) surface; on; (4) before; previous; (5) superiority; one's superior (i.e. one's elder); (6) on top of that; besides; what's more; (7) upon (further inspection, etc.); based on (and occurring after); (8) matters concerning...; as concerns ...; (9) (as ...上は) since (i.e. "for that reason"); (n-suf) (10) (hon) (See 父上) suffix indicating higher social standing; (11) (arch) place of one's superior (i.e. the throne); (12) (arch) emperor; sovereign; shogun; daimyo; (13) (arch) noblewoman (esp. the wife of a nobleman); (P) [EDICT]
- (うわ) (n,pref) upper; upward; outer; surface; top [EDICT]
- (かみ) (n) (1) (ant [EDICT]
- (じょう) (n-suf) (1) from the standpoint of; as a matter of (e.g. fact); in the field of; being of the type of; (2) aboard (a ship or vehicle); on top of; on; above; (n) (3) (See 下・げ・2) first volume (e.g. book); (n,pref) (4) superior quality; best; top; high class; (5) going up; (6) governmental; imperial; (7) presenting; showing; (pref) (8) ana- (medical, biol.); (P) [EDICT]
- (shàng, ㄕㄤˋ) on; on top; upon; first (of two parts); previous or last (week etc); upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; above; to go up; to attend (class or university); third tone of putonghua [CE-DICT]
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| 其 | - (し) (n) (1) (arch) that; (2) you; (3) oneself; themself [EDICT]
- (qí, ㄑㄧˊ) his; her; its; theirs; that; such; it (refers to sth preceding it) [CE-DICT]
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| 实 | - (shí, ㄕˊ) real; true; honest; really; solid; fruit; seed [CE-DICT]
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| 而 | - (ér, ㄦˊ) and; as well as; and so; but (not); yet (not); (indicates causal relation); (indicates change of state); (indicates contrast) [CE-DICT]
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| 且 | - (qiě, ㄑㄧㄝˇ) further; moreover [CE-DICT]
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