| 因 | - (いん) (n) (1) cause; factor; (2) {Buddh} (See 縁・えん・5) hetu (direct cause, esp. as opposed to indirect conditions); (3) (See 因明) the basis of one's argument (in hetuvidya); (P) [EDICT]
- (よすが;よすか(ok)) (n) (1) something to rely on; aid; clue; way; means; (2) someone to rely on; relative; (3) reminder; memento [EDICT]
- (yīn, ㄧㄣ) cause; reason; because [CE-DICT]
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| 为 | - (wéi, ㄨㄟˊ) as (in the capacity of); to take sth as; to act as; to serve as; to behave as; to become; to be; to do [CE-DICT]
- (wèi, ㄨㄟˋ) because of; for; to [CE-DICT]
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| 而 | - (ér, ㄦˊ) and; as well as; and so; but (not); yet (not); (indicates causal relation); (indicates change of state); (indicates contrast) [CE-DICT]
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| 把 | - (たば) (n,n-suf,ctr) bundle; bunch; sheaf; (P) [EDICT]
- (わ(P);ば;ぱ) (ctr) counter for bundles; (P) [EDICT]
- (bǎ, ㄅㄚˇ) to hold; to contain; to grasp; to take hold of; a handle; particle marking the following noun as a direct object; classifier for objects with handle [CE-DICT]
- (bà, ㄅㄚˋ) handle [CE-DICT]
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| 普 | - (pǔ, ㄆㄨˇ) general; popular; everywhere; universal [CE-DICT]
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| 通 | - (つう) (adj-na,n) (1) connoisseur; authority; (ctr) (2) counter for letters, notes, documents, etc.; (P) [EDICT]
- (tōng, ㄊㄨㄥ) to go through; to know well; to connect; to communicate; open [CE-DICT]
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| 在 | - (ざい) (n) (1) country; countryside; (2) outskirts; suburbs; (pref) (3) situated in; resident in [EDICT]
- (zài, ㄗㄞˋ) (located) at; (to be) in; to exist; in the middle of doing sth; (indicating an action in progress) [CE-DICT]
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| 这 | - (zhè, ㄓㄜˋ) this; these; (commonly pronounced zhei4 before a classifier, esp. in Beijing) [CE-DICT]
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| 个 | - (か;カ) (ctr) counter for the ichi-ni-san counting system (usu. directly preceding the item being counted); a noun read using its on-yomi [EDICT]
- (gè, ㄍㄜˋ) individual; this; that; size; classifier for people or objects in general [CE-DICT]
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| 是 | - (これ) (pn) (1) (uk) (See 何れ・1,其れ・1,彼・あれ・1) this (indicating an item near the speaker, the action of the speaker, or the current topic); (2) (hum) this person (usu. indicating someone in one's in-group); (3) now; (4) (arch) here; (5) (arch) I (me); (6) (arch) certainly; (P) [EDICT]
- (ぜ) (n) righteousness; justice; right [EDICT]
- (shì, ㄕˋ) is; are; am; yes; to be [CE-DICT]
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| 存 | - (cún, ㄘㄨㄣˊ) exist; deposit; store; keep; survive [CE-DICT]
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