(n) a device invented by Edison that gave an impression of movement as an endless loop of film moved continuously over a light source with a rapid shutter; precursor of the modern motion picture
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English (GCIDE) v.0.53
n. [ Originally a tradename, 1894. ] An obsolete form of moving picture viewer, in which a film carrying successive instantaneous views of a moving scene travels uniformly through the field of a magnifying glass. The observer sees each picture, momentarily, through a slit in a revolving disk, and these glimpses, blended by persistence of vision, give the impression of continuous motion. It has been superseded by more recent versions of movie projector and electronic video viewers. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]
n. [ Gr. kinhto`s movable + -scope. ] An instrument for producing curves by the combination of circular movements; -- called also kinescope. Cope. [ 1913 Webster ]
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เช่น Secretary of State=รัฐมนตรีต่างประเทศของสหรัฐฯ (ในภาพตัวอย่าง),
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