n. [ F. saponule, fr. L. sapo, -onis, soap. ] (Old Chem.) A soapy mixture obtained by treating an essential oil with an alkali; hence, any similar compound of an essential oil. [ Written also saponule. ] [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]
n. [ L. sapo, -onis soap: cf. F. saponine. ] (Chem.) A poisonous glucoside found in many plants, as in the root of soapwort (Saponaria officinalis), in the bark of soap bark (Quillaja saponaria), etc. It is extracted as a white amorphous powder, which produces a soapy lather in solution, and produces a local anaesthesia. It is used as a detergent and for emulsifying oils. Formerly called also struthiin, quillaiin, senegin, polygalic acid, etc. By extension, any one of a group of related bodies of which saponin proper is the type. [ 1913 Webster + PJC ]
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