(n) English chemist and physicist who formulated atomic theory and the law of partial pressures; gave the first description of red-green color blindness (1766-1844), Syn.John Dalton
(n) (chemistry and physics) law stating that the pressure exerted by a mixture of gases equals the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in the mixture; the pressure of a gas in a mixture equals the pressure it would exert if it occupied the same volume alone at the same temperature, Syn.Dalton's law of partial pressures, law of partial pressures
The Collaborative International Dictionary of English (GCIDE) v.0.53
n. [ from the chemist John Dalton, proponent of the modern atomic theory of matter. ] a unit of mass, approximately 1.66 x 10-24 grams; -- it is approximately equal to the mass of one hydrogen atom, but the exact value differs slightly as used in physics and chemistry. It is used mostly to describe the size of proteins and nucleic acids in biochemistry. Molecular weights are often expressed as dimensionless units, the unit being understood (in chemistry) to be the atomic mass unit with carbon equal to 14. Thus having a “molecular weight of 255” means the same as each molecule having a mass of 255 daltons. Syn. atomic mass unit. [ PJC ]
n. Inability to perceive or distinguish certain colors, esp. red; color blindness. It has various forms and degrees. So called from the chemist Dalton, who had this infirmity. Nichol. [ 1913 Webster ]
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