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| 国 | - (くに) (n) (1) country; (the) state; (2) region; (3) (obs) (See 国郡里制) province (of Japan); (4) home (i.e. hometown, home country); (5) (arch) land; earth; (P) [EDICT]
- (guó, ㄍㄨㄛˊ) country; nation; state; national; surname Guo [CE-DICT]
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| 間 | - (あいだ(P);あわい(ok)) (n-adv,n) (1) space (between); gap; interval; distance; (n-adv,n-t) (2) time (between); pause; break; (n-adv,n,n-t) (3) span (temporal or spatial); stretch; period (while); (n-adv,n) (4) relationship (between, among); (5) members (within, among); (conj) (6) (あいだ only) (arch) due to; because of; (P) [EDICT]
- (かん) (n,suf) (1) interval; period of time; (2) among; between; inter- [EDICT]
- (けん) (n) (1) 1.818 m (6 shaku); (ctr) (2) counter used to number the gaps between pillars [EDICT]
- (ま) (n) space; room; time; pause; (P) [EDICT]
- (jiān, ㄐㄧㄢ) between; among; space; classifier for time intervals [CE-DICT]
- (jiàn, ㄐㄧㄢˋ) interstice; separate [CE-DICT]
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| の | - () (prt) endorsing and questioning the preceding statement (sentence ending particle); lamenting reflections on the preceding statement (sentence ending particle) [EDICT]
- () (prt) (1) although; when; and yet; despite this; in spite of; even though; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless; for all that; notwithstanding that; (2) while; (3) if only; I wish; (4) I tell you; you should do; (5) in order to; (P) [EDICT]
- () (suf,prt) (literary equiv. of だけ) only; nothing but; (P) [EDICT]
- () (n) (See スラグ) slag [EDICT]
- (乃) (prt) (1) (uk) (occasionally ん) indicates possessive; (2) verb and adjective nominalizer (nominaliser); (3) substituting for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (4) (often ん) indicates a confident conclusion; (5) emotional emphasis (sentence end) (fem); (6) indicates question (sentence end); (P) [EDICT]
- (之) (prt) (arch) possessive (used on tombs, etc.) [EDICT]
- (幅) (n,n-suf,ctr) (after a number in the hito-, futa-, mi- counting system) unit of measurement for cloth breadth (30-38 cm) [EDICT]
- (布) (n,n-suf,ctr) (after a number in the hito-, futa-, mi- counting system) unit of measurement for cloth breadth (30-38 cm) [EDICT]
- (箆) (n) (1) (arch) shaft (of an arrow); (2) (arch) (See 矢竹・2) arrow bamboo (Pseudosasa japonica) [EDICT]
- (篦) (n) (1) (arch) shaft (of an arrow); (2) (arch) (See 矢竹・2) arrow bamboo (Pseudosasa japonica) [EDICT]
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| 貿易 | - (ぼうえき) (n,vs) trade (foreign); (P) [EDICT]
- (mào yì, ㄇㄠˋ ㄧˋ) (commercial) trade [CE-DICT]
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| 上 | - (かみ) ยอด, ส่วนบน, ข้างบน [LongdoJP]
- (うえ) (n,adj-no,n-adv,n-suf) (1) above; up; over; elder (e.g. daughter); (2) top; summit; (3) surface; on; (4) before; previous; (5) superiority; one's superior (i.e. one's elder); (6) on top of that; besides; what's more; (7) upon (further inspection, etc.); based on (and occurring after); (8) matters concerning...; as concerns ...; (9) (as ...上は) since (i.e. "for that reason"); (n-suf) (10) (hon) (See 父上) suffix indicating higher social standing; (11) (arch) place of one's superior (i.e. the throne); (12) (arch) emperor; sovereign; shogun; daimyo; (13) (arch) noblewoman (esp. the wife of a nobleman); (P) [EDICT]
- (うわ) (n,pref) upper; upward; outer; surface; top [EDICT]
- (かみ) (n) (1) (ant [EDICT]
- (じょう) (n-suf) (1) from the standpoint of; as a matter of (e.g. fact); in the field of; being of the type of; (2) aboard (a ship or vehicle); on top of; on; above; (n) (3) (See 下・げ・2) first volume (e.g. book); (n,pref) (4) superior quality; best; top; high class; (5) going up; (6) governmental; imperial; (7) presenting; showing; (pref) (8) ana- (medical, biol.); (P) [EDICT]
- (shàng, ㄕㄤˋ) on; on top; upon; first (of two parts); previous or last (week etc); upper; higher; above; previous; to climb; to go into; above; to go up; to attend (class or university); third tone of putonghua [CE-DICT]
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| を | - () (prt) (arch) (See を) marks object of action, etc. (also adds emphasis) [EDICT]
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| 改善 | - (かいぜん) เปลี่ยนไปในทางที่ดีขึ้น [LongdoJP]
- (かいぜん) (n,vs,adj-no) (1) betterment; improvement; (2) (uk) (often written カイゼン) kaizen (Japanese business philosophy of continuous improvement); (P) [EDICT]
- (gǎi shàn, ㄍㄞˇ ㄕㄢˋ) to make better; to improve [CE-DICT]
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| する | - () (conj) thereupon; hereupon; (P) [EDICT]
- () (adv,adv-to) (on-mim) with a smooth, unhindered motion; speedily and without delay [EDICT]
- (為る) (vs-i) (1) (uk) to do; (2) to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into); (3) to serve as; to act as; to work as; (4) to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.); (5) (as 〜にする,〜とする) to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as; (6) to decide on; to choose; (vs-i,vi) (7) (as 〜がする) to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.); (8) to be (in a state, condition, etc.); (9) to be worth; to cost; (10) to pass (of time); to elapse; (suf,vs-i) (11) verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs"); (aux-v,vs-i) (12) (See お願いします,御・お) creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go"); (13) (as 〜うとする,〜ようとする) (See とする・1) to be just about to; to be just starting to; to try to; to attempt to; (P) [EDICT]
- (刷る) (v5r,vt) (1) to print; (2) to color or pattern fabric using a wooden mold; (P) [EDICT]
- (摺る) (v5r,vt) (1) to print; (2) to color or pattern fabric using a wooden mold; (P) [EDICT]
- (擦る) (v5r,vt) (1) to rub; to chafe; to strike (match); to file; to frost (glass); (2) to lose (e.g. a match); to forfeit; to squander one's money (e.g. through gambling, Pachinko, etc.); (P) [EDICT]
- (摩る) (v5r,vt) (1) to rub; to chafe; to strike (match); to file; to frost (glass); (2) to lose (e.g. a match); to forfeit; to squander one's money (e.g. through gambling, Pachinko, etc.); (P) [EDICT]
- (磨る) (v5r,vt) (1) to rub; to chafe; to strike (match); to file; to frost (glass); (2) to lose (e.g. a match); to forfeit; to squander one's money (e.g. through gambling, Pachinko, etc.); (P) [EDICT]
- (擂る) (v5r,vt) (1) to rub; to chafe; to strike (match); to file; to frost (glass); (2) to lose (e.g. a match); to forfeit; to squander one's money (e.g. through gambling, Pachinko, etc.); (P) [EDICT]
- (掏る) (v5r,vt) (See 掏摸) to pick someone's pocket [EDICT]
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| ない | - () (exp) (1) (See ませんか) (used to ask a question in the negative) won't (hasn't, isn't, doesn't, etc.); (2) (used to make invitations, express desires or give indirect commands) won't you [EDICT]
- () (conj,aux) (1) (See ない) without doing ...; (aux) (2) used in sentence-final position as an indirect prohibition [EDICT]
- (内) (suf) inside; within [EDICT]
- (亡い) (adj-i) (See 無い) dead [EDICT]
- (無い) (adj-i) (1) (uk) (See 亡い) nonexistent; not being (there); (2) unpossessed; unowned; not had; (3) (See またとない) unique; (4) (as ...ことがない, etc.) indicates negation, inexperience, unnecessariness or impossibility; (aux-adj) (5) (See ない) (after the ren'youkei form of an adjective) not ...; (6) (after the -te form of a verb) to not be...; to have not ...; (P) [EDICT]
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| ば | - () (n,adj-no) (1) (See ばつが悪い) one's circumstances or condition, esp. compared to that of another; (2) coherence (e.g. of a conversation) [EDICT]
- () (n) shit; bullshit [EDICT]
- () (suf,v5m) (See 黄ばむ,汗ばむ) to be ...y (suffix indicating that something is in the state of the preceding noun, etc.) [EDICT]
- () (n) burr (e.g. on a machined edge) [EDICT]
- (場) (n) (1) place; spot; space; (2) field; discipline; sphere; realm; (3) (See その場) occasion; situation; (4) scene (of a play, movie, etc.); (5) session (of the stock market); (6) area in which cards are laid out (in a card game); (7) {physics} field; (8) field (gestalt psychology); (P) [EDICT]
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| なる | - (成る) (v5r,vi) (1) (uk) to become; to get; to grow; to be; to reach; to attain; (2) to result in; to prove to be; (3) to consist of; to be composed of; (4) to succeed; to be complete; (5) to change into; to be exchanged for; (6) (See 成り済ます) to play a role; (7) to be promoted (shogi); (v5r) (8) (hon) (as お+masu-stem+になる, ご+noun+になる, etc.) to do ...; (P) [EDICT]
- (為る) (v5r,vi) (1) (uk) to become; to get; to grow; to be; to reach; to attain; (2) to result in; to prove to be; (3) to consist of; to be composed of; (4) to succeed; to be complete; (5) to change into; to be exchanged for; (6) (See 成り済ます) to play a role; (7) to be promoted (shogi); (v5r) (8) (hon) (as お+masu-stem+になる, ご+noun+になる, etc.) to do ...; (P) [EDICT]
- (生る) (v5r,vi) (uk) to bear fruit; (P) [EDICT]
- (鳴る) (v5r,vi) to sound; to ring; to resound; to echo; to roar; to rumble; (P) [EDICT]
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