ลองค้นหาคำในรูปแบบอื่น ๆ เพื่อให้ได้ผลลัพธ์มากขึ้นหรือน้อยลง: desi, -desi-
Possible hiragana form: でし |
มีผลลัพธ์ที่ไม่แสดงผลอยู่ | desirable characteristic | [(ดี-ไซร์-รา-เบิล-คาร์-แรค-เทอร์-ริส-ติค)] (n) A useful feature that you want to pass on on in selective breeding., See also: S. desirable feature |
| | design | (n) การประดิษฐ์, See also: การสร้างสรรค์, การออกแบบ | | design | (n) โครงการ, See also: แผนการ, Syn. plan, project, scheme | | design | (n) จุดประสงค์, See also: ความตั้งใจ, ความมุ่งมั่น, เป้าหมาย, Syn. object, intention | | design | (n) แบบ, See also: พิมพ์เขียว, แบบบ้าน, ภาพร่าง, Syn. pattern, layout, blueprint, draft, sketch | | design | (n) ลาย, See also: ลวดลาย, งานศิลป์, Syn. artistic work, artistry, decoration | | design | (vt) ออกแบบ, See also: วางแผน, กำหนด, ประดิษฐ์, Syn. create, plan, plot, scheme | | design | (vi) ออกแบบ, See also: วางแผน, กำหนด, ประดิษฐ์, Syn. create, plan, plot, scheme | | desire | (n) ความปรารถนา, See also: ความอยาก, ความประสงค์, ความต้องการ, Syn. will, wish, dun, hope, Ant. distaste, dislike | | desire | (vt) ปรารถนา, See also: อยาก, ต้องการ, ประสงค์, Syn. demand, ask for, require, Ant. hate, dislike, loathe | | desist | (vi) หยุดการกระทำ, See also: ระงับ, ยุติ, เลิก, งดเว้น, Syn. cease, refrain, hold, stop | | designee | (n) ผู้ได้รับการแต่งตั้ง, See also: ผู้ได้รับการเสนอชื่อ, Syn. nominee, selectee | | designer | (adj) ซึ่งถูกออกแบบโดยผู้มีชื่อเสียง, Syn. custom-made, tailor-made | | designer | (n) นักออกแบบ, See also: ดีไซน์เนอร์, ผู้ออกแบบ, นักออกแบบภายใน, Syn. architect, deviser, planner, founder | | desirous | (adj) ซึ่งต้องการ, See also: มีลักษณะของความต้องการ | | geodesic | (adj) เกี่ยวกับขนาด รูปร่างและพื้นผิวของโลก | | redesign | (vt) ออกแบบใหม่ | | desiccate | (vt) ตากแห้ง, Syn. dehumidify, freeze-dry, Ant. moisten | | designate | (vt) กำหนด (มักใช้รูป passive voice), See also: อธิบาย, ระบุ, เลือก, Syn. detail, mark, indicate | | designate | (vt) ให้ชื่อ, See also: ตั้งชื่อ, ใส่ยศ, ติดยศ, แต่งตั้งเป็น, Syn. baptize, brand, call | | designing | (adj) เจ้าเล่ห์, See also: มีแผน, Syn. tricky | | designing | (n) ศิลปะในการออกแบบ | | desirable | (adj) เป็นที่น่าพอใจ, See also: น่าปรารถนา, เป็นที่ต้องการ, น่าปรารถนา, เป็นที่ชื่นชอบ, Syn. pleasing, likable, worth having, Ant. boring, uninteresting | | undesired | (adj) ซึ่งไม่ปรารถนา, See also: ซึ่งไม่ต้องการ, Syn. unwanted | | desiccated | (adj) ซึ่งตากแห้งเพื่อถนอมอาหาร, See also: ทำให้แห้ง | | desiderate | (vt) อยากเห็น (คำโบราณ), See also: ปรารถนาจะเห็นบางสิ่ง | | design for | (phrv) จัดทำเพื่อ, See also: ตั้งใจทำเพื่อ | | designedly | (adv) โดยตั้งใจ, See also: โดยจงใจ, อย่างเจตนา, Syn. advisedly, voluntarily | | desistance | (n) การหยุดการกระทำ, See also: การระงับ, การยุติ, การเลิก, การงดเว้น, Syn. astinenee | | undesigned | (adj) ซึ่งไม่ได้วางแผนไว้ล่วงหน้า, See also: ซึ่งไม่ได้กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า, ซึ่งบังเอิญ, ซึ่งไม่ได้ตั้งใจ, Syn. unintentional, inadvertent, unintended, unplanned, Ant. designed | | desideratum | (n) สิ่งจำเป็น (คำนามพหูพจน์ของ desideratum), See also: สิ่งที่ต้องการ, Syn. desire, requirement | | desideratum | (n) สิ่งจำเป็น (คำทางการ), See also: สิ่งที่ต้องการ, Syn. desire, requirement | | designation | (n) การกำหนด, Syn. selection, indication | | designation | (n) การแต่งตั้ง, Syn. appointment, assignment, naming | | designation | (n) ชื่อ, See also: ศักดิ์, นาม, ยศ, ชื่อเรียก, ชื่อตำแหน่ง, สมญานาม, Syn. name, label, tag | | desist from | (phrv) หยุดทำ, See also: เลิก | | undesirable | (adj) ไม่ต้องการ, See also: ไม่เป็นที่ปรารถนา, Syn. unpleasing, uninviting, Ant. attractive | | undesirable | (n) บุคคลผู้ไม่เป็นที่พึงปรารถนา, See also: บุคคลที่ไม่ดี, Ant. attractive | | designate as | (phrv) แต่งตั้งให้เป็น, See also: ถูกกำหนดให้เป็น | | desirability | (adj) ความพอใจ, See also: ความปรารถนา, ความชอบ, Syn. pleasedness | | have designs on | (idm) วางแผนเพื่อบางคนหรือบางสิ่ง | | interior design | (n) การออกแบบและตกแต่งภายใน, Syn. interior decoration | | leave a lot to be desired | (idm) ขาดสิ่งสำคัญ (เป็นภาษาพูดที่สุภาพ), See also: ไม่มีข้อมูลสนับสนุน |
| | andesite | (แอน' ดิไซทฺ) n. หินภูเขาไฟที่ส่วนใหญ่ประกอบด้วย plagioclase, feldspar. -andesitic adj. | | computer aided design | การออกแบบใช้คอมพิวเตอร์ช่วยใช้ตัวย่อว่า CAD (อ่านว่า แคด) หมายถึงการสร้างโปรแกรมให้คอมพิวเตอร์สามารถช่วยในการสร้างภาพ แบบจำลอง (model) ฯ แล้วจะบันทึกแบบเก็บไว้ในสื่อ สามารถเรียกแบบที่ออกไว้นั้นมาแสดงบนจอภาพเมื่อใดก็ได้ หรือจะสั่งให้พิมพ์ออกมาดูบนกระดาษก็ได้ โดยสามารถสั่งขยาย ย่อ หมุนพลิกภาพนั้น ๆ ด้วยก็ได้ ภาพหรือแบบที่ออกไว้จะปรับเปลี่ยนไปตามสูตรที่กำหนดเอาไว้แล้ว ตัวอย่าง เช่น การออกแบบชิ้นส่วนของรถยนต์หรือโครงสร้างอาคาร ผู้ออกแบบจะสามารถแก้ไขได้ตลอดเวลา โดยปกติ คอมพิวเตอร์ที่จะนำมาใช้เพื่องานประเภทนี้ จะต้องมีฮาร์ดดิสก์ (hard disk) ที่มีความจุสูงมาก ๆ มีจอภาพที่มีความละเอียดสูง และมีตัวประมวลผลที่ทำงานเร็ว ส่วนการแสดงผล มักจะใช้เครื่องวาด (plotter) แทนเครื่องพิมพ์ | | desiccant | adj. แห้งสนิท, ซึ่งถูกทำให้แห้งสนิท n. สารที่ทำให้แห้งสนิท | | desiccate | vt. ทำให้แห้งสนิท, เก็บอาหารโดยการขจัดน้ำทิ้ง vi. แห้งสนิท., See also: desiccated adj. ดูdesiccate desiccation n. ดูdesiccate desiccative adj. ดูdesiccate desiccator n. ดูdesiccate | | desiderate | (ดิซิด'ดะเรท) vt. ปรารถนา, ต้องการมาก, , See also: desideration n. | | desiderative | adj. ซึ่งมีความต้องการ | | desideratum | (ดีซิดดะเร'ทัม) n. สิ่งที่ต้องการ -pl. desiderata | | design | (ดิไซนฺ') v. ออกแบบ, วางแผน, มุ่งหมาย, คิด, กำหนด, ประสงค์., See also: designed adj. n. แบบ | | designate | (เดซ'ซิเนท) vt. กะ, กำหนด, ระบุ, เรียกว่า, ตั้งชื่อ, ตั้ง. adj. ซึ่งได้รับแต่งตั้งหรือเลือกให้เป็น, See also: designative adj. ดูdesignate designatory adj. ดูdesignate designator n. ดูdesignate, Syn. name, select | | designation | (เดซซิกเน'เชิน) n. การตั้ง, การระบุ, ชื่อ, ตำแหน่ง, การตั้งชื่อ, การเลือกตั้ง, See also: designed adj., Syn. nomination | | designee | (เดซซินี') n.ผู้ถูกแต่งตั้ง ผู้ถูกกำหนด | | designer | (ดิไซ'เนอะ) n. ผู้ออกแบบ, ผู้วางแผน | | designing | (ดีไซ'นิง) adj. เจ้าเล่ห์, มีแผน n. ศิลปะในการออกแบบ, See also: designingly adv. | | desinence | (เดส'ซะเนินซ) n. การสิ้นสุด, การจบลง, ตอนจบ, คำเสริมท้าย., See also: desinent, desinential adj. | | desirable | (ดิไซ'ระเบิล) adj. น่าเอา, ดีเลิศ, น่ายินดี, ซึ่งถูกอกถูกใจ, น่าปรารถนา. n. บุคคลหรือสิ่งของที่น่าปรารถนา., See also: desirability n., Syn. good, acceptable | | desire | (ดิไซ'เออะ) n. ความต้องการ, ราคะ, สิ่งที่ต้องการ. vt. ปรารถนา, ต้องการ, ประสงค์, Syn. longing | | desirous | (ดิไซ'รัส) adj. ซึ่งต้องการ., See also: desirousness n. ดูdesirous, Syn. longing | | desist | (ดิซิสทฺ', ดิซิสทฺ') vt. หยุด, ระงับ, เลิกล้มความตั้งใจ., See also: desistance n. ดูdesist desistence n. ดูdesist, Syn. cease | | desize | (ดิไซซ') vt.นำเอาน้ำแป้งออก | | electrodesiccation | n. การทำลายเนื้อเยื่อด้วยกระแสไฟฟ้าซึ่งทำให้สูญเสียน้ำ | | undesigned | (อัน'ดิไซน์ดฺ) adj. ไม่ได้กำหนดไว้ล่วงหน้า, บังเอิญ | | undesirable | (อันดิไซ'ระเบิล) adj., n. (ผู้) ไม่เป็นที่พึงปรารถนา, See also: undesirableness n. undesirably adv., Syn. objectionable |
| | design | (n) การออกแบบ, แผนการ, โครงการ, แบบแผน, ความตั้งใจ, จุดประสงค์ | | design | (vt) ออกแบบ, คิด, กำหนด, เตรียมแผนการ, มุ่งหมาย, เจตนา | | designate | (vt) กะ, เรียกขาน, ระบุ, ตั้งชื่อ, บ่งชี้, กำหนด | | designation | (n) การแต่งตั้ง, ชื่อ, ตำแหน่ง, การตั้ง, การเรียกขาน, การระบุ | | designedly | (adv) โดยวางแผนไว้แล้ว, โดยเจตนา, โดยระบุไว้แล้ว | | designer | (n) นักออกแบบ, นักวางแผน, ดีไซเนอร์ | | desirability | (n) ความน่ายินดี, ความน่าปรารถนา, ความถูกใจ | | desirable | (adj) น่ายินดี, น่าพอใจ, เป็นที่ถูกใจ, เป็นที่พึงปรารถนา | | desire | (n) ความต้องการ, ความปรารถนา, ความประสงค์, ความอยาก, ราคะ | | desire | (vi, vt) ต้องการ, ปรารถนา, ประสงค์, อยากได้ | | desirous | (adj) เป็นที่พึงปรารถนา, เป็นที่ต้องการ | | desist | (vt) ระงับ, ล้มเลิก, หยุด, เลิกล้มความคิด | | undesirable | (adj) ไม่พึงปรารถนา, เป็นที่น่ารังเกียจ |
| | | | Climatic aspects in urban design—a case study | (n, vi, vt, modal, ver) Climatic aspects in urban design—a case study Isaac G. Capeluto, , A. Yezioro and E. Shaviv Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, 32000, Haifa, Israel Received 11 December 2001; revised 13 February 2002; accepted 21 February 2002.; Available online 4 April 2002. Abstract We present a case study of a design of a new business district in Tel Aviv city. In this work climatic aspects were taken into consideration in the very early design stages. For that purpose, two models SustArc (Proceedings of the ISES 1997 Solar World Congress, Taejon, Korea, 1997, p. 148) and FLUENT 5.0.2 (Fluent's User's Guide, Fluent Inc., NH, USA, 1999) were applied in order to achieve solar and wind rights. The new business district was designed as a high-density urban area and is located near an old low-rise residential quarter. SustArc was used as a design tool to create the solar envelope that shows the maximum available volume in which it is possible to build without violating the solar rights of existing residential neighborhood, the main avenues and the pedestrian sidewalks. FLUENT, on the other hand, was implemented as an evaluative tool, in a trial and error method, until a design solution could be achieved, in which the wind rights of the residential neighborhood were preserved, while ensuring tolerable winds inside the business district. The paper presents the process of sun and wind controlled planning, as well as the recommendations. Author Keywords: Solar rights; Wind rights; Urban design; Design tools Article Outline 1. Introduction 2. Sun, winds and urban design 3. Planning control for sun and winds in a new business district 4. Planning control for sun access 5. Planning control for wind access and protection 6. Summary and conclusions Acknowledgements References 1. Introduction During the conceptual design phase of urban districts, the designer deals with different geometrical characteristics related to the building's height and width, in relation to the open spaces and the pedestrian sidewalks. New buildings may create a different microclimate, like changing the wind regime and shading of existing neighborhoods, as well as in the new district. To protect solar rights, as well as wind rights, is a complex task. Moreover, tolerable winds should be achieved along the pedestrian sidewalks. The determination of a preferable design solution becomes specially complicated due to mutual influences. On the other hand, ignoring the solar rights at the stage of the preparation of the master plan may cause discomfort conditions around the buildings beyond repair. Different design tools for solar insolation conscious design were developed. We can classify these tools into generation tools and evaluation tools. The generative design tools aid to define the proper geometry. Some examples are [ 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 ] for determining solar rights. These tools generate nomograms that present all possible solutions to a given problem. These nomograms are called “Solar Envelopes”. The evaluation tools, on the other hand, analyze the performance of a given design. Some examples are Kroner and Abrey [ 7 ], Yezioro and Shaviv [ 8 and 9 ] and Capeluto and Shaviv [ 5 ] for evaluating solar rights for buildings and in open spaces among them. Heliodons are also used to evaluate the proposed design, namely a scaled down 3D physical model examined in the laboratory. For microclimate and wind rights conscious design, there are today only evaluative design tools. These are either wind tunnel studies, or computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation tools. The CFD models are very powerful, require heavy calculations, but provide detailed results that can show clearly the defects in suggested designs. As a result, new design alternatives may be thought of and re-evaluated, until a good and satisfactory design is achieved. In the design of the new business district in Tel Aviv (Fig. 1), we have used SustArc, as the design tool to evaluate the proposed design (Fig. 2). We have also used SustArc to create the solar envelope that shows the maximum available volume in which it is possible to build while keeping the solar rights of the existing neighborhood (Fig. 5). We used FLUENT to evaluate the existing situation, the proposed solution and the mitigation design, in which the wind rights to the residential neighborhood were preserved, while ensuring tolerable winds along the pedestrian sidewalks ( Fig. 8 and Fig. 9). The paper presents the design process along with the different design tools implemented to create the solutions and to simulate and evaluate the proposed design. Using these tools we could develop rules and design guidelines that ensure proper insolation and ventilation in the existing residential neighborhood as well as creating good microclimatic conditions inside the new business district. Display Full Size version of this image (63K) Fig. 1. An aerial view of the business district. Display Full Size version of this image (24K) Fig. 2. Sun-view presenting the shading of the main green avenue (the area adjacent to the tall buildings from the right) and the residential neighborhood (the long square on the right). 2. Sun, winds and urban design There are many places in which urban design take into consideration solar rights and winds protection. Let us mention a few: New York, Boston, Chicago, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and San Francisco, in the USA, Calgary, Edmonton, Halifax, London, Montreal, Ottawa and Toronto, in Canada [ 10 ]. Many tall buildings were built during the past in all of the above cities. These tall buildings caused different problems, like shading, loss of daylight, and creation of strong winds around the tall buildings on one hand, and at the same time avoid good ventilation by creating wind stagnation at some parts around them. From the accumulating experience, the city leaders and designers recognized the need to control the changes in the microclimatic conditions created by a proposed design. In many cities, large projects, including tall buildings, require wind studies, as well as shading evaluation. Nevertheless, in most places, the planning control for wind protection and solar insolation are not mandatory and are not imposed by standards, but rather open to negotiations with the developers. Defining urban standards can be carried on along three different approaches [ 10 ]: Prescriptive and descriptive standards, in which the exact physical solution is given. For example, the specific maximum height of buildings in the inner city neighborhood of San Francisco is dictated along with the angle of the slope of a plan that cut the upper floors further from the street. Performance standards, in which the expected performance of the design is given. For example, Boston zoning ordinance dictates for some downtown areas, that “No net increase in shadow is permitted between 8 a.m. and 2.30 p.m.”. In San Francisco for example a performance standard is set for the maximum allowed wind velocity so that “a building form which causes wind speeds to exceed 11 miles/h in areas where people walk and 7 miles/h in areas where people sit, should not be used”. Discretionary review, in which a comprehensive study is required as part of the environmental impact study (EIS) process. For example, in New York, sponsors of large development projects are required to conduct wind studies. The expected wind velocities in new or existing open spaces shall not exceed the mean wind velocity in existing comparable open spaces. There are not yet urban standards and legislation in Israel about how much a building can shade neighboring buildings, open spaces, or what is the maximum allowed wind speed. As for solar rights, we were contracted to develop legislation [ 11 ] and we hope that our future recommendations will be imposed. However, in many cities, the Israeli ministry of the environment demands from every developer, who intends to build high-rise buildings, a discretionary review for winds and shading, as part of the EIS. As there are not yet urban standards, the results of the study are not always imposed on the project. The shading study is usually an evaluation process, carried by different computer codes, while the wind assessment is in most cases a wind tunnel study. In the following chapter we shall demonstrate the approach to deal with planning control for sun access and wind access and protection [ 12 ] that was carried out in the design of a new business district in Tel Aviv. 3. Planning control for sun and winds in a new business district A new business district is being planned in the heart of Tel Aviv on an area of 250, 000 m2. The urban density was changed from 200% to 450%. As a result, the developers wish to build in the area many high-rise buildings 40 stories and above. Existing low-rise residential buildings that surround this new business district will be affected by the high-rise buildings (see Fig. 1). The new master plan of this district was not approved yet, and the residents of neighboring communities can submit objections to the new plan, which they did. The designers of the Tel Aviv City planning department produced a 3D model of the site, in which they assumed that all developers would build the maximum allowed (a likely outcome). The model allows the visualization of the spatial drawbacks in the preliminary design. In particular, it was found that the new buildings create a high wall that would deprive the sun and winds (coming mainly from west) from the existing buildings (Fig. 2). Therefore, the designers of Tel Aviv City planning department decided to adopt certain rules for the design of this new business district so as to ensure sun and winds in the existing residential neighborhood. The Tel Aviv climate is hot and humid, and the sea breeze helps in summer to bring about thermal comfort in open spaces, as well as indoors. Therefore, the proposed high-rise buildings should not block the sea breeze. Moreover, tall buildings can create strong winds at the foot of the buildings. This fact complicates the situation, as near tall buildings the wind velocity may change very fast from extremely strong wind to no breeze at all. The sun in Tel Aviv is undesirable in summer but it can cause any open space and parks to be a very pleasant and enjoyable place to stay in winter. Therefore, permanent shading, even if needed in summer, compromises winter sun. A dynamic solution, like shading open spaces and sidewalks in summer by deciduous trees that supply winter insolation, is preferred. In general, at least one pedestrian sidewalk should be exposed to winter sun to provide thermal comfort in winter. The other sidewalk, which is shaded by the building in winter, can be protected from the summer sun by permanent shading devices, or by evergreen trees. On top of it, in Israel there is a requirement by law, for every residential unit, to have solar panels for hot water. It is mandatory, therefore, that these panels will be exposed to the sun the year around. 4. Planning control for sun access “Solar Rights Envelope” defines the space of all possible solutions for the determination of a design that does not violate the solar rights of existing buildings and open spaces during a given period of the year (See Fig. 3). The model SustArc creates such an envelope [ 5 and 6 ]. Display Full Size version of this image (18K) Fig. 3. The solar rights envelope. In the design of the new business district, the use of solar envelopes was recommended to protect the solar rights. The requirement was to achieve solar access during the entire winter, between 8 a.m. and 3.00 p.m., in the residential neighborhood, as well as in the main avenue that is the only existing green open area. The solar envelope that fulfills the above requirement, as well as the obtained shape of the buildings under this envelope, are presented in Fig. 4. Display Full Size version of this image (11K) Fig. 4. The solar envelope that ensure solar rights in the existing residential neighborhood as well as in the main green open space. Although the requirements were only to ensure solar access to the residential neighborhood, we added the demand that the main two avenues from west to east will be exposed to the sun during the same period. This is in order to ensure that the morning and afternoon walk from the railway station to work, is in the sun (see Fig. 6). On top of it, we required that the main inner street parallel to the main green avenue would have solar access during lunchtime from 12.00 to 13.00. These requirements will allow the people to enjoy walking in the sun to the two avenues (A and B in Fig. 6) that lead them to the main green avenue, to have lunch in the garden, or in the planned restaurants along the green avenue. Fig. 5 presents the solar envelope that was accepted as design guidelines for the relocation or reshaping of the tall buildings in the business district. All buildings higher than this envelope (these are the buildings that can be seen above the net of the envelope) must be displaced to another location, or should be reshaped (see Fig. 6). This is a descriptive approach, in which all possible consistent solutions are given in advance. However, we mixed the descriptive approach with the performance one, by allowing some exceptions, as long as the shading caused by these buildings is not above a given standard. But, till such standard will exist, a discretionary review approach might be necessary. Display Full Size version of this image (36K) Fig. 5. The solar envelope that ensure solar rights in the existing residential neighborhoods as well as in the main avenues and streets. Display Full Size version of this image (22K) Fig. 6. The maximum allowed floors for each building, keeping solar rights in the existing residential neighborhoods as well as in the main avenues and streets. Based on these design guidelines a new scheme was suggested by the city planners, that follows the solar envelope (see Fig. 7). Until now, few tall buildings have already been relocated and reshaped, so that they will not stick out from the given solar envelope. Display Full Size version of this image (33K) Fig. 7. Design guidelines on building mass as proposed by the city planners. View from south–east. 5. Planning control for wind access and protection Contrary to other cities, where the requirements were only to protect from high wind velocity around tall buildings, the demand in our case was to ensure good ventilation to the residential neighborhood located east to the business center. The situation today is, that in the business district, most of the buildings are seven floors high and are in a very bad physical condition. Therefore, the majority of the buildings should be demolished and replaced by new ones. The only exception is the first row of buildings near the freeway that are seven floors and new. Today, one can feel in the neighboring residential quarter the good breeze coming from the west. The proposed new tall buildings, thirty floors and above, may block the breeze. As a result, the residents of this quarter objected to the new design on the ground of wind rights. The question that was raised, therefore, was what should be the ventilation corridors inside the business district tissue, so that good natural ventilation will remain in the residential neighborhood, as well as in the new business district. This fact complicated the situation, as in many design alternatives the very solution for ensuring the breeze in the residential quarter, may cause excessive winds in the business district (see Fig. 9 and Fig. 10). There are not yet design tools that can create the envelope of all possible solutions that satisfy wind requirements, or wind protection. Therefore, performance approach and evaluation technique were applied by using a CFD simulation model FLUENT 5.0.2 [ 13 ]. We required the following: wind velocity in the main avenues and streets should be in summer at least 2 m/s in walking areas, and 1 m/s in sitting areas. In winter, wind velocity in the main green avenue should not be higher than 5 m/s in walking areas and 3.5 m/s in sitting areas. In other streets, where people move fast, it can reach up to 9 m/s . In the residential neighborhood, the breeze should be similar to what exists today. FLUENT is a very powerful tool. It requires heavy calculations, but gives detailed results that can show the wind pattern in any plan or cross-section (see Fig. 9 and Fig. 10). We used FLUENT with the k– turbulence model, to evaluate the existing situation. We compared it with the proposed design (Fig. 9) and with the design based on the solar envelope ( Fig. 10). Many different design alternatives were proposed and evaluated, until a design solution was found, in which the wind rights of the residential neighborhood are preserved while ensuring tolerable winds inside the business district. As the buildings are not yet designed, and for the master plan only general information about the mass of the buildings is required, we assumed simple shapes, and conducted parametric evaluation, in order to find the influence of each design option on the wind pattern. Also, as the simulations are CPU time intensive, we shorten the evaluation procedure by presenting in the same plan different widths for the ventilation corridors, as well as different widths for the north–south streets. In this way we could learn from the same run, what is the preferred width of the ventilation corridors. Fig. 8 presents the standard meteorological wind measurements on site, 10 m above the ground. From this figure one learns that the desired winds in the hot seasons come mainly from the west and northwest and in general the wind velocity is about 3.5 m/s. To ensure wind rights, we carried simulations for these two directions. In all simulations we assumed a wind profile appropriate for the urban roughness and wind velocity of 3.5 m/s at the entrance. Display Full Size version of this image (21K) Fig. 8. The wind rose as measured in site. Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 show few of the simulations results and only for winds coming from the west. In general, the wind coming from northwest gave better results than what is shown here. Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 top left present the existing situation; i.e. all buildings are seven floors high. The widths of the north–south streets are 16 and 36 m according to the existing situation and widths of the east–west streets are 36, 24 and 12 m. The latter are the ventilation corridors that should allow the sea breeze to reach the residential neighborhood. According to the wind pattern obtained, we required that the north–south streets should be at least 36 m in order not to have wind stagnation in the street. The ventilation corridors should be at least 24 m, preferable 36 m. For the 12 m wide ventilation corridor, the wind velocity in the residential neighborhood is too low, even in the existing situation of seven floors high buildings. Therefore, we defined the wind pattern examined area as the area east to the 24 and 36 m ventilation corridors only. Based on these recommendations ventilation corridors were designed and required by the city planners (see Fig. 11). Display Full Size version of this image (80K) Fig. 9. Simulating winds in the business district by using FLUENT: Top left—existing situation. Top right—proposed design. Bottom—parametric analysis. Display Full Size version of this image (79K) Fig. 10. Simulating winds in the business district by using FLUENT: Top left—existing situation. Top right—proposed design according to the Solar envelope section. Bottom left—parametric analysis: Seven floors buildings along the pathway. Bottom right—parametric analysis: Adding trees at the entrance of the ventilation corridor. Display Full Size version of this image (16K) Fig. 11. Ventilation corridors as requested by the city planners. Fig. 9 presents the simulation results for the proposed design (top right) and parametric analysis for mitigation (bottom left and right). We can see that cutting the building in 45ฐ at the exit of the business district, improves the ventilation in both the main green avenue and the residential neighborhood (bottom left). On the other hand, changing the plan of the middle tower from square to round deteriorates the microclimate conditions. Fig. 10 presents the simulation results for the proposed design according to the solar envelope section (top right) and parametric analysis for mitigation (bottom left and right). We can see that the design according the solar envelope preserves also the wind rights. However, the wind velocity along the east–west pathway is too high, and should be reduced. Adding seven floors high buildings along the 36 m wide pathway, reduces the high velocity wind speed in this pathway, but also reduces a little bit the wind velocity in the residential neighborhood. Adding trees at the entrance to the ventilation corridors reduces the wind velocity inside the ventilation corridors, and also in the residential neighborhood. However, the wind pattern obtained is quite satisfactory (bottom right). 6. Summary and conclusions This work presents a case study in which, for the first time, the solar rights envelope was used in Israel for the design of a new business district in Tel Aviv, keeping solar rights in a high-density urban area. Using this solar envelope we could determine the maximum allowed heights of the buildings that ensure proper insolation in the existing residential neighborhood as well as in the new business district and the main green avenue. The requirement to build under the solar envelope is a prescriptive/descriptive approach. To protect both, the solar and wind rights, the solar envelope was created first, this envelope was then evaluated using a CFD technique to ensure the wind rights and tolerable winds inside the business district. From the many simulations performed (only few of them shown here) we found that it is not easy to use the prescriptive/descriptive approach, as was done in the solar rights requirement. Only for the determination of the geometry of the ventilation corridors to ensure wind rights, such an approach can be applied. However, for the wind control, a standard performance approach should be applied. This is because the winds pattern depends on the exact geometry of all buildings around. Changing the geometry of one building can influence the wind pattern around other buildings. Therefore, performance standards should be established, and the wind pattern around the building should be evaluated against these standards, by certified tools and users. Acknowledgements This research was supported by the fund for promotion of research at the Technion. Research Number 022.732, and 022.751. References 1. F. Arumi, Computer-aided energy design for buildings. In: D. Watson, Editor, Energy conservation through building design, McGraw-Hill, New York (1979). 2. Shaviv E. Design tools for solar rights and sun-shades determination. Proceedings of the Ninth National Passive Solar Conference ASES, Boulder, CO, 1984. p. 14–9. 3. Wright R, Hoinkes R. Computational issues in urban design: developing a strategy for solar impact assessment. In: Flemming, Wyk, editors. CAAD futures. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., 1993. 4. Schiler M, Ueng-Fang P. Solvelope: an interactive computer program for defining and drawing solar envelopes. 18th National Passive Solar Conference-ASES, Washington, DC, 1993. 5. Capeluto IG, Shaviv E. Modeling the design of urban grids and fabric with solar rights considerations. Proceedings of the ISES 1997 Solar World Congress, Taejon, Korea, 1997. p. 148–60. 6. Capeluto IG, Shaviv E. Modeling the design of urban fabric with solar rights consideration. IBPSA 99, Kyoto, Japan, 1999. p. 1341–7. 7. Kroner WM, Abrey D. From the sun's point of view. Proceedings of the 10th National Passive Solar Conference, Ralleigh, North Carolina, USA, 1985. 8. Yezioro A, Shaviv E. A Design tool for analyzing mutual shading between buildings, Solar energy, Vol. 52, No. 1. USA: Pergamon Press, 1994. p. 27–37. 9. Yezioro A, Shaviv E. Shading: analyzing mutual shading among buildings. IBPSA 99, Kyoto, Japan, 1999. 10. Bosselmann P, Arens E, Dunker K, Wright R. Sun, wind, and pedestrian comfort. A study of Toronto's central area. Center for Environmental Design Research, University of California at Berkeley and Center for Landscape Architecture Research, University of Toronto. The Department of Planning and Development, City of Toronto, 1991. 11. Shaviv E, Capeluto IG, Yezioro A. Solar rights in high density urban design. Research Proposal No. 022.732, Ministry of Housing, Israel, 2001. 12. HELIOS Climate Energy CAD and Architecture Ltd. Urban climatic design of a new business district in Tel Aviv. Internal Report, 2000 [ in Hebrew ]. 13. FLUENT Inc. Fluent user's guide. NH, USA: Fluent Inc., 1999. Corresponding author. Tel.: +972-4-829-4013; fax: +972-4-829-4617 Building and Environment Volume 38, Issue 6, June 2003, Pages 827-835 | | desiderata | (n) (Latin for "desired things", plural of desideratum) Desiderata (Latin for "desired things", plural of desideratum) is an inspirational prose poem about attaining happiness in life. It was written in 1927 by Max Ehrmann. | | design | [ดีไซน์] (n, vi, vt, modal, verb, aux, verb, adj, adv, prep, conj, pron, phrase, jargon, slang, colloq, vulgar, abbrev, name, o) ออกแบบ | | designation | การตั้งชื่อ | | designer outlet | (n) ร้านขายสินค้าจากโรงงาน, ร้านค้าที่ขายสินค้าที่ผลิตโดยผู้ผลิตเฉพาะในราคาลดพิเศษ, an outlet store, a shop that sells goods made by a particular manufacturer at discounted prices. | | Reaching a desision | [รีชิง อะ ดีซิชั่น] (n) ถึงการตัดสินใจ | | Reaching a desision | [รีชิง อะ ดีซิชั่น] (n) ถึงการตัดสินใจ | | System is designed for web-based | (n, modal, verb, adv, pron) System is designed for web-based |
| | I've, uh, cooked up a couple of designs. | Ich, ähm, habe hier ein paar Designs vorbereitet. We Gotta Get Out of This Place (2014) | | But by the time he told her the truth, she'd become a successful clothing designer and moved to China. | Als er ihr die Wahrheit gesagt hat, wurde sie eine erfolgreiche Modedesignerin und zog nach China. West Side Story (2014) | | Always comes back smelling like antiseptic or something. | Wenn er zurückkommt, riecht er immer nach Desinfektionsmittel oder so. No Lack of Void (2014) | | Well, if he smelled like antiseptic, he was probably disinfecting himself before he left the lab. | Wenn er nach Desinfektionsmittel roch, hat er sich wahrscheinlich vor dem Verlassen des Labors eingerieben. No Lack of Void (2014) | | Wow. When did gay men start designing maternity clothes? | Wann fingen schwule Männer an Umstandskleidung zu designen? Broken Dreams and Blocked Arteries (2014) | | I can disinfect this wound. | Ich kann die Wunde desinfizieren. Ku I Ka Pili Koko (2014) | | Hendricks, Grace R. BFA, Rhode Island School of Design, MFA, Yale. | Hendricks, Grace R. BFA, Rhode Island School of Design, MFA, Yale. Beta (2014) | | I had it overnighted by the designers. | Ich ließ es über Nacht von den Designern herschicken. Disgrace (2014) | | The designers are friends of mine, after all. | Die Designer sind Freunde von mir. Disgrace (2014) | | Hey, that body was found with designer clothing, right? | Hey, diese Leiche wurde in Designer-Kleidung gefunden, richtig? My Fair Wesen (2014) | | Our dynamic OS, our design-- they don't care. | Betriebssystem, das Design, es ist ihnen egal. Up Helly Aa (2014) | | - Found a sev-one problem with the Giant. | Liegt es am Design? 1984 (2014) | | I'll go to this seminar and you go to the one for people with delusions. | Ich gehe zu diesem Seminar und Sie gehen dafür zu dem für desillusionierte Menschen. Charlie and the Re-Virginized Hooker (2014) | | I made my incisions with a box cutter and used vodka as an antiseptic. | Ich habe mit einem Teppichmesser geschnitten und Wodka als Desinfektionsmittel benutzt. Paint It Black (2014) | | But if this is another humble brag about you being on "America's Top Designer," we're all gonna be really pissed. | Aber falls das wieder eine blöde Prahlerei... über deine Teilnahme an "America's Top Designer" ist, werden wir alle sehr sauer sein. Charlie, Lacey & the Dangerous Plumber (2014) | | I'm designing the best clothes on the show. | Ich designe in der Show die besten Klamotten. Charlie, Lacey & the Dangerous Plumber (2014) | | Before everyone leaves, I still don't have a way to seem more sympathetic on "America's Top Designer." | Bevor alle gehen, ich habe immer noch keinen Weg gefunden, um in "America's Top Designer" sympathischer zu erscheinen. Charlie, Lacey & the Dangerous Plumber (2014) | | She stole my thunder just like she stole last week's pantsuit design from Versace. | Sie hat mir die Schau gestohlen, genau wie sie in der letzte Woche das Design dieses Hosenanzugs... von Versace gestohlen hat. Charlie, Lacey & the Dangerous Plumber (2014) | | Okay, I know what you're trying to do here, Charlie. You're trying to get me so angry that I explode and sound petty complaining about some idiot from my school who's gonna be famous just because he sent an audition tape into "America's Top Designer" and got on, | Du versuchst mich so wütend zu machen, dass ich explodiere... und ungehemmt über einen Typen aus meiner Schule herziehe, der berühmt wird, nur weil er ein Bewerbungsvideo... zu "America's Top Designer" geschickt und es damit sogar ins Fernsehen geschafft hat, Charlie Catches Jordan in the Act (2014) | | Revenge. | "America's Top Designer" sein will. Rache. Charlie Catches Jordan in the Act (2014) | | Desiree. | Desiree. Massacres and Matinees (2014) | | Desiree's got you. | Desiree hat dich. Massacres and Matinees (2014) | | Desi... | Desi... Edward Mordrake: Part 1 (2014) | | But, Desiree, what if you could, too? | - Aber Desiree, was, wenn du es auch könntest? Blood Bath (2014) | | I came to see Miss Desiree. | Ich bin hier, um Miss Desiree zu sehen. Tupperware Party Massacre (2014) | | Fine tall drink of water, there, Desiree. | Einen gutaussehenden Mann hast du dort, Desiree. Orphans (2014) | | These designer specs don't just make my eyes pop. | Diese Designer-Brille macht nicht nur meine Augen größer. The Long Honeymoon (2014) | | I was gonna major in graphic art, but then I found out that you only end up designing pharmaceutical pamphlets, so then I switched to art history. | Mein Hauptfach war eigentlich Grafikdesign, aber dann habe ich herausgefunden, dass man damit nur Broschüren für Pharmaunternehmen entwirft, also wechselte ich zu Kunstgeschichte. Piece of Plastic (2014) | | - Stuart, I just heard back from Tokyo. - They love the designs. | - Tokio liebt das Design. Hello Ladies: The Movie (2014) | | We should head inland, quietly, 'cause every cop in this country is looking for us. | Wir sollten ins Landesinnere, leise, denn jeder Cop dieses Landes ist auf der Suche nach uns. Unseen Power of the Picket Fence (2014) | | I remember Briareos when he wasn't... disillusioned. | Ich erinnere mich an Briareos, als er noch nicht... desillusioniert war. Appleseed Alpha (2014) | | The shockwave analysis, X-ray studies, tamper design, they're all gone. | Röntgenstrahlenstudien, Tamperdesign, Stoßwellenanalyse, die sind alle weg. The Hive (2014) | | There's an orange stripe on the side of the cab, but it turns out it's a common design. | - Am Führerhaus ist ein oranger Streifen, aber das ist ein geläufiges Design. Wilderness of Mirrors (2014) | | He's a disillusioned socialist turned gadfly wit, turned seditionist, turned blasphemer. | Er ist ein desillusionierter Sozialist, der zu einem nervtötendem Geist, einem Aufständischen und zu einem Gotteslästerer wurde. Quicksand (2014) | | NSA is monitoring all comms on a designated channel, so we'll be - fully aware of his movements. | Die NSA überwacht alle Verbindungen auf einem designierten Kanal, damit wir über all seine Aktivitäten auf dem Laufenden sind. Quicksand (2014) | | Some books, one by a painter, a design encyclopedia, a book of photos. | Über einen Maler, eine Design-Enzyklopädie und schicke Fotografien. Flowers for Algernon (2014) | | Other than his taste in anarchy tattoos and satanic design, not much yet. | Außer seinem Geschmack für Anarchie-Tattoos und satanisches Design nicht viel. Clear & Present Danger (2014) | | She's not answering her cell. Oh, yes. No, she told me about that house last night. | Ähm, weil ich eine fantastische Designerin bin, mit Sinn für Humor. Pilot (2014) | | I meant tell me why I should hire you. Right. Of course. | Die Designer, die für mich arbeiten, kommen aus der ganzen Welt. Pilot (2014) | | You shook his hand and told him the design was entrusted to one of the best minds in the country. | Sie schüttelten seine Hand und sagten, das Design wurde dem besten Kopf des Landes anvertraut. Perestroika (2014) | | - The design thing? | Diese Design-Sache? ...Through Admission (2014) | | Rand sponsors a meet career fellowship with the Design Institute of Milan, and I've nominated you. | Rand sponsert ein Mid-Career-Stipendium am Design-Institut in Mailand. Ich habe Sie nominiert. ...Through Resolution (2014) | | He's part of their family, one of the remaining heirs. | Ich hab das Stipendium von der Rand-Universität. Ich kann jetzt in Mailand Design studieren. ...Through Resolution (2014) | | I'm also gonna take the design scheme. | Die Design-Pläne nehme ich mit. ...Through Self Discovery (2014) | | I thought you did a really nice job on the design. | Ich dachte gerade, dass Sie das sehr schön hinbekommen haben mit dem Design. ...Through Competition (2014) | | Well, when we met, Grace's dream was to study design in Florence, take the Fulbright that she got in college. | Als wir uns kennenlernten, war es Graces Traum, in Florenz Design zu studieren. Sie hatte sogar ein Fulbright-Stipendium während ihrer College-Zeit erhalten. ...Through Competition (2014) | | Yes. I, um, I designed a lobby. But they actually did a piece on it in Design Image blog. | Ja, ich habe eine Lobby gestaltet, und es wurde etwas darüber im Design-Image-Blog veröffentlicht. ...Through Terms and Conditions (2014) | | Well, as I say to the freshmen in my fundamentals class, you can't always go back and fix, but you can move forward and improve, in design as it is in life. | Wie ich immer gern zu meinen Erstsemestern sage: Sie können die Vergangenheit nicht ändern, aber Sie können sich in Zukunft verbessern. Dies gilt für Design und Leben. ...Through Terms and Conditions (2014) | | Rand sponsors a mid... career fellowship with the Design Institute of Milan. | Rand sponsert ein Mid-Career-Stipendium am Design-Institut in Mailand. ...Through Terms and Conditions (2014) | | She's a designer, okay? | Sie ist Designerin. Wedge (2014) |
| | | คำวิงวอน | (n) request, See also: appeal, desire, Syn. คำขอร้อง, คำร่ำร้อง, Example: การอ่านหนังสือเล่มนี้ทำให้รับรู้ถึงการสูญเสียและความโหดร้ายแห่งสงครามผ่านคำวิงวอนอันเจ็บปวดของผู้เขียน | | ดังใจ | (v) expect, See also: hope, desire, Example: คุณจะเอาอะไรให้ได้ดังใจเสมอไปไม่ได้, Thai Definition: ได้ดังที่ใจหวังไว้ | | ฝันใฝ่ | (v) dream, See also: hope for, desire, Syn. ใฝ่ฝัน, Example: เด็กจรจัดเหล่านี้ฝันใฝ่อยากได้ของเล่นสวยๆ และอยากได้ความสุขสนุกสนานที่ตนไม่เคยได้รับมาก่อน, Thai Definition: อยากมีหรืออยากเป็นอย่างยิ่ง | | ตัดอกตัดใจ | (v) restrain one's desire, See also: repress, suppress, make a decision against one's wish, Syn. ตัดใจ, Example: หากคุณรักใครสักคนที่เขามีเจ้าของอยู่แล้วก็ให้ตัดอกตัดใจเสียแต่เนิ่นๆ, Thai Definition: ห้ามใจไม่ให้คิดในเหตุที่เกิดขึ้น, Notes: (ปาก) | | ลายเส้น | (n) lined pattern, See also: lined design, lined figure, Example: การ์ตูนฝรั่งเศสไม่ค่อยมีตัวหนังสือ ใช้ลายเส้นบอกเรื่องในตัวเองเสร็จสรรพ, Count Unit: ภาพ, Thai Definition: ภาพที่วาดแต่เส้นกรอบโครงด้านนอก | | พระนาม | (n) name, See also: appellation, designation, Syn. ชื่อ, นาม, Example: พระปรเมศวรมีพระมเหสีซ้ายขวา องค์ซ้ายเป็นที่โปรดปรานมากทรงพระนามว่า ศรีสุดาจันทร์, Notes: (ราชา) | | ที่พึงประสงค์ | (adj) desirable, Syn. ที่พึงพอใจ | | ฝันค้าง | (v) dream on, See also: be unsuccessful in obtaining a desired end, Example: รัฐบาลปล่อยให้ข้าราชการฝันค้างเรื่องการให้เงินโบนัส, Thai Definition: ไม่ได้อย่างที่ปรารถนา แม้ว่าจะมีท่าทีส่อว่าจะได้ | | ใฝ่ | (v) aim, See also: expect, hope for, desire, Syn. มุ่ง, ใคร่, หวัง, ใฝ่หา, Example: เขามักใฝ่ชีวิตง่ายๆ ไม่พิสดาร ไม่ต้องหรูหราเหมือนคนอื่น, Thai Definition: คิดมุ่งหรือคิดหวังถึงสิ่งใดสิ่งหนึ่ง | | สมญา | (n) designation, See also: name, appellation, title, Syn. ชื่อ, สมัญญา, สมญานาม, นามสมญา, Example: ด้วยพระราชกรณียกิจอันเกิดประโยชน์นานาประการ พระองค์จึงได้รับถวายสมญาว่า สมเด็จพระปิยมหาราช | | ออกแบบ | (v) design, Example: การสร้างงานศิลปะระดับชาติ ได้ว่าจ้างฝรั่งมาออกแบบตกแต่งพระบรมมหาราชวังหรือพระที่นั่ง, Thai Definition: ประดิษฐ์แบบ, ประดิษฐ์รูปลักษณะ | | ลวดลาย | (n) design, See also: pattern, Example: ช่างไทยโบราณนิยมใช้ลวดลายต่างๆ ประดับลงบนสิ่งของเครื่องใช้, Thai Definition: ลายต่างๆ ที่เขียนหรือแกะสลัก | | ลาย | (n) design, See also: pattern, Example: ช่างก่อสร้างประดับโบสถ์ วิหารด้วยลายปูนปั้น, Count Unit: ลาย, Thai Definition: รูปแบบทางทัศนศิลป์ประเภทหนึ่งประกอบขึ้นด้วยเส้นเป็นสำคัญ ลักษณะเป็นแบบซ้ำๆ เป็นหมู่ๆ หรือต่อเนื่องกันไป | | โหยหา | (v) yearn for, See also: long, hunger, crave, desire, Syn. คร่ำครวญหา, Example: เมื่อต้องจากบ้านไปอยู่เมืองนอกเขาจึงโหยหาความอบอุ่นจากใครสักคนเพื่อเป็นเพื่อนในยามเหงา | | นึกหวัง | (v) hope, See also: expect, look forward to, desire, long, aspire, Syn. หวัง, Example: ความฝันของเขาเป็นจริงตามที่นึกหวัง | | ฉายานาม | (n) designation, See also: nickname, alias, Syn. สมญานาม, Example: เพื่อนๆ ตั้งฉายานามให้เขาว่า ไอ้บาก เพราะรอยแผลที่เป็นทางยาวบนหน้าของเขา, Count Unit: ฉายา, Thai Definition: ชื่อตั้งให้กันเล่นๆ หรือตามลักษณะที่หมายรู้กันในหมู่คณะ | | คิดหวัง | (v) hope, See also: long, set one's heart on, cross one's fingers, look forward to, desire, Syn. คาดหวัง, Example: เขาคิดหวังเสมอว่าเธอจะต้องรับรักเขาและต้องแต่งงานกับเขาในที่สุด, Thai Definition: คาดว่าจะได้, นึกปองไว้, นึกหมายไว้ | | มุ่งหมาย | (v) aim at, See also: intend, mean, desire, endeavour, set one's sights on, Syn. มุ่ง, ตั้งใจ, ปรารถนา, วางเป้าหมาย, หมายมุ่ง, Example: คู่แข่งมุ่งหมายจะทำลายภาพบริษัทเราอย่างไม่ต้องสงสัย, Thai Definition: ตั้งใจกำหนดหรือปรารถนาสิ่งใดให้เป็นไปตามประสงค์ | | พระนามาภิไธย | (n) title, See also: designation, Example: พระพุทธรูปทองประดับพระนามาภิไธยย่อส.ก. ทาบเหนือพระอังสาซ้าย, Thai Definition: ชื่อ (ใช้เฉพาะพระราชินี สมเด็จพระบรมราชชนนี สมเด็จพระยุพราช สมเด็จพระบรมโอรสาธิราช และสมเด็จพระบรมราชกุมาร) เช่น ทรงลงพระนามาภิไธย | | เกลือจืด | (n) gypsum, See also: desiccated and used as face power, Syn. หินฟองเต้าหู้, ยิปซั่ม, Example: เกลือจืด เป็นสารที่ไม่ละลายน้ำ ใช้ทำประโยชน์ ได้หลายอย่าง เช่น ทำแป้งนวล ทำชอล์ค ทำปูนปลาสเตอร์, Thai Definition: เกลือที่ตกผลึกก่อนเกลือชนิดอื่นๆ ในการทำนาเกลือ มีปนอยู่กับเกลือที่ใช้ในการปรุงอาหารเสมอ ไม่มีรส หรือ เกลือที่ได้จากการเผายิปซัม | | คิด | (v) want, See also: would like to, intend, desire, Syn. มุ่ง, จงใจ, ตั้งใจ, ปรารถนา, Example: เด็กที่อยู่ตามท้องนาก็คงมีจำนวนน้อยที่คิดจะไปเรียนเมืองนอกเมืองนา | | คิดร้าย | (v) have malice, See also: have wicked intentions, harbour evil designings, harbour evil thoughts, Example: ถึงแม้ว่าเขาจะเป็นคนที่คิดถึงแต่ตัวเอง แต่เขาก็ไม่เคยคิดร้ายต่อผู้อื่น | | ความหวัง | (n) hope, See also: wish, expectation, will, desire, Syn. ความปรารถนา, Example: แม่ทุกคนตั้งความหวังเอาไว้ว่า ลูกที่เกิดมาจะเป็นที่พึ่งของพ่อแม่ได้, Thai Definition: การคาดว่าจะได้ | | ความอยาก | (n) desire, See also: wish, want, yearning, need, Syn. ความประสงค์, ความต้องการ, ความปรารถนา, Example: คนเราน่าจะต้องยับยั้งชั่งใจและอดทนให้มากเข้าไว้ต่อความอยากของตนเอง | | เครือเถา | (n) design of intertwined sprays, See also: Thai design, Thai figuration, Example: ลายเครือเถาเหมาะสำหรับใช้แกะสลักผักหรือผลไม้เป็นช่อหรือพวง เช่นการแกะสลักขิง เป็นต้น, Count Unit: ลาย, Thai Definition: ชื่อลายไทยชนิดหนึ่งที่มีรูปกิ่งไม้ร้อยพันกันเป็นช่อหรือพวง | | เครือแย่ง | (n) name of Thai design, See also: Thai figuration, Example: ลายที่ประตูวัดใต้เป็นลายเครือแย่ง, Count Unit: ลาย, Thai Definition: ชื่อลายไทยชนิดหนึ่ง | | ใคร่ | (v) desire, See also: want, wish for, crave, long for, Syn. อยาก, ต้องการ, ปรารถนา, ประสงค์, Example: นักวิจัยท่านใดใคร่จะเริ่มทำการวิจัยเรื่องใดให้รีบเสนอหัวข้อมาโดยเร็ว | | งก | (v) covet, See also: crave, desire, wish for, Syn. อยากได้, โลภ, ต้องการ, เห็นแก่ตัว, ละโมบ, Ant. เสียสละ, Example: บริษัทนี้ได้ชื่อว่าเป็นบริษัทที่งกผลประโยชน์ที่สุด, Thai Definition: แสดงอาการอยากได้หรือไม่อยากเสียจนเกินควร | | งดเว้น | (v) refrain from, See also: abstain, give up, stop, desist, Syn. เว้น, ละเว้น, งด, ล้มเลิก, ยกเลิก, ยกเว้น, Ant. ปฏิบัติ, Example: พุทธศาสนิกชนควรงดเว้นการฆ่าสัตว์ | | เงี่ยน | (v) crave, See also: desire eagerly, want greatly, long for, lust, have sexual desire, , Syn. อยากจัด, กระหายจัด, Example: เขาเงี่ยนฝิ่นเต็มทีแล้ว, Thai Definition: อยากจัด, กระหายจัด, มีความรู้สึกอยากหรือกระหายเป็นกำลัง, (โดยมากใช้เฉพาะของเสพติดและกามคุณ) | | จงใจ | (v) intend, See also: plan, design, mean, Syn. ตั้งใจ, หมายใจ, เจตนา, หมายมั่น, มุ่งมั่น, Ant. ไม่ตั้งใจ, บังเอิญ, Example: ข้าพเจ้าจงใจกระแอมเพื่อให้เขาหรือใครก็ตามรู้สึกตัว | | จงใจ | (adv) intentionally, See also: purposely, designedly, deliberately, Syn. ตั้งใจ, หมายใจ, เจตนา, หมายมั่น, มุ่งมั่น, แน่วแน่, Ant. ไม่ตั้งใจ, ไม่เจตนา, Example: หากมองในมุมกลับกันจะเห็นว่าคนที่ไม่มีเกียรติเท่านั้นต่างหากที่ประณามเสียดสีอย่างจงใจ | | ปอง | (v) aim to get, See also: desire, intend, Syn. หมายปอง, Example: ล๊อกฮัดสัน เทพบุตรสุดหล่อแห่งศตวรรษมีสาวๆ เกือบครึ่งโลกหมายปอง, Thai Definition: ปรารถนา | | แผนการ | (n) plan, See also: stratagem, plot, design, scheme, project, Syn. แนวทาง, เป้าหมาย, หลัก, กลยุทธ์, กำหนดการ, Example: หัวหน้าฝ่ายต่างๆ เข้าพบผู้จัดการเพื่อแจ้งแผนการดำเนินการในเดือนต่อไป, Count Unit: แผนการ, แผน, Thai Definition: แผนตามที่กำหนดไว้ | | ผู้ออกแบบ | (n) designer, See also: creator, architect, planner, deviser, Example: ในการออกแบบคอมพายเลอร์นั้น ผู้ออกแบบอาจกำหนดให้ขบวนการทำงานของคอมพายเลอร์ตามขั้นตอนต่างๆ เหล่านี้ทำเสร็จสิ้นในระยะเวลาที่กำหนด, Count Unit: คน, Thai Definition: ผู้ประดิษฐ์รูปลักษณะ, ผู้ประดิษฐ์แบบ | | ฝืนใจ | (v) act against one's will, See also: control the desire, force oneself against one's will, Syn. ฝืน, Ant. เต็มใจ, Example: เลขาธิการพรรคถึงกับบ่นอุบว่าต้องฝืนใจตัวเองให้ทำได้ทุกอย่างเพื่อให้พรรคได้เข้าร่วมรัฐบาล, Thai Definition: บังคับให้ตนเองหรือผู้อื่นทำในสิ่งที่ไม่อยากทำ | | พดกริช | (n) name of decorative pattern, See also: cursive design alternately consisting of concave and convex, Syn. คดกริช, ลายพดกริช, Example: อาจารย์ท่านนี้มีความรู้เรื่องลายไทยเป็นอย่างดี และมีความเชี่ยวชาญในการวาดลายพดกริชเป็นพิเศษ, Thai Definition: ชื่อลายชนิดหนึ่ง เป็นเส้นยาวคดไปมาอย่างรูปกริช | | พันลำ | (n) spiral design, Thai Definition: ชื่อลายที่พันสิ่งกลมๆ ยาวๆ | | พึงประสงค์ | (v) desire, See also: want, wish, Syn. พึงปรารถนา, ประสงค์, ปรารถนา, ต้องการ, Example: งานที่ใช้ความพิถีพิถันและความละเอียดอ่อนไม่ใช่งานที่เขาพึงประสงค์นัก แต่เขาก็ทำได้อย่างดี | | พึงปรารถนา | (v) desire, See also: want, wish, Syn. พึงปรารถนา, ประสงค์, ปรารถนา, ต้องการ, Example: ถ้าพูดถึงไวรัสคอมพิวเตอร์แล้ว คิดว่าหลายคนคงจะไม่พึงปรารถนาเจ้าไวรัสนี้เป็นแน่ | | พุ่มข้าวบิณฑ์ | (n) name of decorative design, Example: พระอุโบสถวัดราชบรรทมเป็นลายกนกขมวดเป็นก้นหอย ตรงกลางเป็นลายพุ่มข้าวบิณฑ์ซ้อนเป็นชั้น, Thai Definition: ชื่อลายอย่างหนึ่งรูปเหมือนพุ่มข้าวบิณฑ์ | | ฟองกาม | (v) have an intensified lustful, See also: feel a sexual desire, Syn. กำเริบกาม, คะนองกาม | | ภวตัณหา | (n) desire, Example: มนุษย์ทุกคนล้วนมีภวตัณหาอยู่ในจิตใจทั้งสิ้น, Thai Definition: ตัณหาเป็นไปในภพ คือ ความอยากมี อยากเป็น อยากเกิด, Notes: (บาลี) | | มุ่งมาด | (v) be determined, See also: aim at, intend, expect, look forward to, desire, hope for, Syn. คาดหมาย, ตั้งใจ, หมายมั่น, ประสงค์, หวัง, มุ่งมาดปรารถนา, Example: หล่อนมุ่งมาดที่จะเข้าทำงานในธนาคารแห่งนี้, Thai Definition: คาดหมายไว้ | | แปลน | (n) plan, See also: plot, proposal, scheme, design, Syn. แบบแผนผัง, โครงสร้าง, แผนการ, แผนที่, แบบ, ต้นฉบับ, ผัง, เค้าโครง, แบบแปลน, Example: ตึกหลังนี้มีแปลนไม่เหมาะกับดินฟ้าอากาศเมืองร้อน, Thai Definition: แบบที่กะกำหนดไว้, แผนผังการก่อสร้าง, Notes: (อังกฤษ) | | ลายเขียนสี | (n) painted design, Example: นักโบราณคดีได้ทำการขุดค้นพบเครื่องปั้นดินเผาที่มีลายเขียนสีของสมัยหินใหม่, Thai Definition: การเขียนลวดลายโดยใช้สีต่างๆ | | ลายฉลุ | (n) perforated design, Example: บ้านเรือนไทยหลังนี้มีลายฉลุไม้ประดับของประตูหน้าต่างที่สวยงามมาก, Thai Definition: ลายที่เกิดจากการสลัก | | เลขา | (n) writing, See also: drawing, design, pattern, Syn. ลาย, รอยเขียน, การเขียน, Example: พระองค์ทรงมีพระราชหัตถเลขาเพื่อชมเชยความเอาใจใส่ของนายกรัฐมนตรี | | สมญานาม | (n) nickname, See also: alias, designation, Syn. นามสมมุติ, ฉายา, ฉายานาม, นามสมญา, Example: บรรดากรรมการในสนามซึ่งมักจะใส่เสื้อผ้าน่าเบื่อ จนได้รับสมญานามว่า สิงห์เชิ้ตดำ | | สมประสงค์ | (v) attain one's desires, See also: have one's wish gratified, satisfy one's wish, fulfill one's aspiration, Syn. สมปรารถนา, สมหวัง, สมใจคิด, สมใจนึก, Example: เขาลงทุนสืบข่าวด้วยตนเองอยู่เสมอ แต่ไม่สมประสงค์สักครั้ง, Thai Definition: สำเร็จดังประสงค์, ได้ดังใจหวัง |
| | แบบ | [baēp] (n) EN: design ; pattern ; style ; form FR: design [ m ] | | เบญจรงค์ | [benjarong] (n) EN: traditional five-coloured Thai ceramics ; Thai porcelain with designs in five colours | | -บุรี | [-burī] (x) EN: -town, -city (suffix related to a town or city) FR: -ville, -bourg (suffixe désignant une ville) | | ชามเบญจรงค์ | [chām bēnjarong] (n, exp) EN: name of Thai porcelain with designs in five colours | | ช่างตกแต่งภายใน | [chang toktaeng phāinai] (n, exp) EN: interior designer | | ฉาบฉวย | [chāpchūay] (v) EN: treat lightly ; be casual ; make shift FR: agir avec désinvolture | | ฉายา | [chāyā] (n) EN: alias ; nickname ; designation FR: surnom [ m ] ; sobriquet [ m ] | | ชื่อ | [cheū] (n) EN: name ; appellation ; designation FR: nom [ m ] ; appellation [ f ] ; désignation [ f ] ; dénomination [ f ] | | ดีไซน์ | [dīsāi = dīsāin] (n) EN: design FR: design [ m ] (anglic.) | | ใฝ่ | [fai] (v) EN: pay attention to ; have an interest ; hope for ; desire ; long for ; yearn for ; be attracted toward ; cherish | | ฝันใฝ่ | [fanfai] (v) EN: dream ; hope for ; desire | | ฝันค้าง | [fan khāng] (v, exp) EN: dream on ; be unsuccessful in obtaining a desired end | | ฝืนใจ | [feūnjai] (v) EN: act against one's will ; control the desire ; force oneself against one's will FR: se forcer ; s'obliger ; s'astreindre | | หินแอนดีไซต์ | [hin aēndīsai] (n, exp) EN: andesite FR: andésite [ f ] | | จำนง | [jamnong] (v) EN: aim ; have in view ; have in mind ; desire ; wish ; want ; intend FR: avoir l'intention de ; vouloir | | จิตร | [jit] (n) EN: drawing ; painting ; portraying ; variegated ; design FR: peinture [ f ] | | เจาะจง | [jǿjong] (v) EN: specify ; define ; enumerate ; designate ; be specific ; name specially FR: distinguer ; particulariser ; spécifier | | จงใจ | [jongjai] (v) EN: intend ; plan ; design ; mean ; set one's mind on | | จงใจ | [jongjai] (adv) EN: intentionally ; purposely ; designedly ; deliberately FR: exprès ; intentionnellement ; volontairement ; à dessein | | แก้แบบ | [kaē baēp] (v, exp) EN: alter a design FR: modifier un plan | | กาม | [kām] (n) EN: lust ; sexual desire ; sensuality ; lewdness ; libido ; kama FR: plaisir sexuel [ m ] ; plaisir charnel [ m ] ; érotisme [ m ] ; sensualité [ f ] ; désir sexuel [ m ] ; envie [ f ] | | กามารมณ์ | [kāmārom] (n) EN: lustful mood ; mood for sexual pleasures ; sexual desire ; libido FR: instinct sexuel [ m ] | | กามคุณ | [kāmmakhun] (n) EN: five sensual pleasures ; the five desires FR: sensualité [ f ] ; plaisir sensuel [ m ] | | กามตัณหา | [kāmmatanhā] (n) EN: sensuality ; sexual desire ; lust ; carnal desire ; lasciviousness ; concupiscence FR: volupté [ f ] ; jouissance [ f ] ; sensualité [ f ] ; plaisir charnel [ m ] ; lascivité = lasciveté [ f ] ; concupiscence [ f ] | | กำหนัด | [kamnat] (n) EN: lust ; sexual desire ; passion ; voluptuousness ; erotic feeling ; sexual passion FR: désir sexuel [ m ] | | กำหนัด | [kamnat] (v) EN: lust ; be sexually aroused ; desire ; crave ; yearn ; be in heat ; be roused by sexual desire ; be sexually excited FR: être excité ; être en chaleur | | การฆ่าเชื้อ | [kān khā cheūa] (n, exp) EN: desinfection ; sterilization FR: désinfection [ f ] ; stérilisation [ f ] | | กนก | [kanok] (n) EN: Thai design consisting of double curves | | การออกแบบ | [kān økbaēp] (n) EN: design | | การออกแบบระบบ | [kān økbaēp rabop] (n, exp) EN: system design | | การออกแบบสินค้า | [kān økbaēp sinkhā] (n, exp) EN: product design | | การออกแบบทางสถาปัตยกรรม | [kān økbaēp thāng sathāpattayakam] (n, exp) EN: architecture design | | การตกแต่งภายใน | [kān toktaeng phāinai] (n, exp) EN: interior design FR: décoration intérieure [ m ] | | ฆ่าเชื้อ | [khā cheūa] (v) EN: sterilize ; disinfect ; purify ; clean FR: désinfecter ; nettoyer | | ฆ่าเชื้อโรค | [khā cheūarōk] (v) EN: disinfect ; kill germs FR: désinfecter ; pasteuriser | | ขนานชื่อ | [khanān cheū] (v, exp) EN: call ; name ; designate FR: appeler ; désigner ; nommer | | ขนานนาม | [khanān nām] (n, exp) EN: call ; name ; designate ; give a name | | คิดร้าย | [khit rāi] (v, exp) EN: have malice ; have wicked intentions ; harbour evil designings ; harbour evil thoughts FR: être animé de mauvaises intentions | | ขอ | [khø] (v) EN: ask for ; beg for ; request ; apply for FR: demander ; solliciter ; prier ; désirer ; adresser une demande ; faire une demande | | ใคร่ | [khrai] (n) EN: sexual desire ; erotic feeling FR: désir (sexuel) [ m ] | | ใคร่ | [khrai] (v) EN: desire ; wish for ; want ; would like ; crave ; long for FR: désirer ; souhaiter ; vouloir ; avoir envie | | เครือเถา | [khreūathao] (n) EN: design of intertwined sprays | | เครือแย่ง | [khreūayaēng] (n) EN: name of Thai design | | ความจำนง | [khwām jamnong] (n) EN: intention ; wish ; aim ; desire ; purpose ; view FR: intention [ f ] ; but [ m ] | | ความใคร่ | [khwām khrai] (n) EN: sexual desire ; lust ; love ; passion FR: désir (sexuel) [ m ] ; libido [ m ] | | ความประสงค์ | [khwām prasong] (n) EN: intention ; purpose ; wish ; desire | | ความปรารถนา | [khwām prātthanā] (n) EN: wish ; desire FR: souhait [ m ] ; voeu [ m ] | | ความต้องการ | [khwām tǿngkān] (n) EN: requirement ; demand ; need ; want FR: besoin [ m ] ; demande [ f ] ; désir [ m ] ; exigence [ f ] ; desiderata [ mpl ] | | ความหวัง | [khwāmwang] (n) EN: hope ; wish ; expectation ; will ; desire FR: espoir [ m ] ; espérance [ f ] ; désir [ m ] ; attente [ f ] | | ความอยาก | [khwām yāk] (n) EN: greed ; desire ; wish ; want ; yearning ; need FR: envie [ f ] ; besoin [ m ] ; désir [ m ] |
| | | | adesite | (n) dark greyish extrusive rock | | andesite | (n) a dark grey volcanic rock | | arthrodesis | (n) the surgical fixation of a joint which is intended to result in bone fusion | | computer-aided design | (n) software used in art and architecture and engineering and manufacturing to assist in precision drawing, Syn. CAD | | desiccant | (n) a substance that promotes drying (e.g., calcium oxide absorbs water and is used to remove moisture), Syn. drier, drying agent, siccative | | desideratum | (n) something desired as a necessity | | design | (n) the act of working out the form of something (as by making a sketch or outline or plan), Syn. designing | | design | (n) an arrangement scheme, Syn. plan | | design | (n) a decorative or artistic work, Syn. figure, pattern | | design | (n) a preliminary sketch indicating the plan for something | | design | (v) plan something for a specific role or purpose or effect | | design | (v) create the design for; create or execute in an artistic or highly skilled manner | | design | (v) make a design of; plan out in systematic, often graphic form, Syn. plan | | design | (v) create designs | | design | (v) conceive or fashion in the mind; invent | | design | (v) intend or have as a purpose | | designate | (v) assign a name or title to, Syn. denominate | | designate | (adj) appointed but not yet installed in office | | designated driver | (n) the member of a party who is designated to refrain from alcohol and so is sober when it is time to drive home | | designated hitter | (n) a ballplayer who is designated to bat in place of the pitcher | | designation | (n) the act of designating or identifying something, Syn. identification | | designative | (adj) serving to designate | | designatum | (n) something (whether existing or not) that is referred to by a linguistic expression | | design criteria | (n) criteria that designers should meet in designing some system or device | | designer | (n) a person who devises plots or intrigues, Syn. intriguer | | designer drug | (n) a psychoactive drug deliberately synthesized to avoid anti-drug laws; mimics the effects of a banned drug; law was revised in 1986 to ban designer drugs | | designing | (adj) concealing crafty designs for advancing your own interest; - W.Churchill, Syn. scheming | | desipramine | (n) a tricyclic antidepressant drug that activates the psychomotor system | | desirability | (n) the quality of being worthy of desiring, Syn. desirableness, Ant. undesirability | | desirable | (adj) worth having or seeking or achieving, Ant. undesirable | | desirable | (adj) worthy of being chosen especially as a spouse, Syn. suitable, worthy | | desire | (n) the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state | | desire | (n) an inclination to want things | | desire | (n) something that is desired | | desire | (v) feel or have a desire for; want strongly, Syn. want | | desire | (v) express a desire for | | desire to know | (n) curiosity that motivates investigation and study, Syn. thirst for knowledge, lust for learning | | desirous | (adj) having or expressing desire for something, Syn. wishful, Ant. undesirous | | diapedesis | (n) passage of blood cells (especially white blood cells) through intact capillary walls and into the surrounding tissue | | genus idesia | (n) one species | | geodesic | (n) (mathematics) the shortest line between two points on a mathematically defined surface (as a straight line on a plane or an arc of a great circle on a sphere), Syn. geodesic line | | geodesic dome | (n) a lightweight dome constructed of interlocking polygons; invented by R. Buckminster Fuller | | graphic design | (n) visual communication by a skillful combination of text and pictures in advertisements, magazines, books, etc. | | graphic designer | (n) someone who specializes in graphic design, Syn. designer | | idesia | (n) deciduous roundheaded Asiatic tree widely grown in mild climates as an ornamental for its heart-shaped leaves and fragrant yellow-green flowers followed by hanging clusters of fleshy orange-red berries, Syn. Idesia polycarpa | | interior design | (n) the branch of architecture dealing with the selection and organization of furnishings for an architectural interior | | interior designer | (n) a person who specializes in designing architectural interiors and their furnishings, Syn. room decorator, decorator, interior decorator, house decorator, designer | | redesign | (v) design anew, make a new design for | | rhodesian | (adj) of or relating to the former country of Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) | | rhodesian man | (n) a primitive hominid resembling Neanderthal man but living in Africa, Syn. Homo rhodesiensis |
| | Andesine | n. (Min.) A kind of triclinic feldspar found in the Andes. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Andesite | n. (Min.) An eruptive rock allied to trachyte, consisting essentially of a triclinic feldspar, with pyroxene, hornblende, or hypersthene. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Arthrodesis | ‖n. [ NL., fr. Gr. &unr_; joint + &unr_; a binding together. ] (Surg.) Surgical fixation of joints. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ] | | desicate | v. t. variant spelling of desiccate.
Syn. -- dehydrate, dry up, dessicate. [ WordNet 1.5 ] | | Desiccant | a. [ L. desiccans, p. pr. of desiccare. See Desiccate. ] Drying; desiccative. -- n. (Med.) A medicine or application for drying up a sore. Wiseman. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desiccate | v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Desiccated; p. pr. & vb. n. Desiccating. ] [ L. desiccatus, p. p. of desiccare to dry up; de- + siccare to dry, siccus dry. See Sack wine. ] To dry up; to deprive or exhaust of moisture; to preserve by drying; as, to desiccate fish or fruit. [ 1913 Webster ] Bodies desiccated by heat or age. Bacon. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desiccate | v. i. To become dry. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desiccation | n. [ Cf. F. dessiccation. ] The act of desiccating, or the state of being desiccated. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desiccative | a. [ Cf. F. dessicatif. ] Drying; tending to dry. Ferrand. -- n. (Med.) An application for drying up secretions. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desiccator | n. 1. One who, or that which, desiccates. [ 1913 Webster ] 2. (Chem.) A short glass jar fitted with an air-tight cover, and containing some desiccating agent, as sulphuric acid, phosphorus pentoxide, or calcium chloride, above which is supported on a perforated platform the material to be dried, or preserved from moisture. [ 1913 Webster +PJC ] 3. A machine or apparatus for drying fruit, milk, etc., usually by the aid of heat; an evaporator. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ] | | Desiccatory | a. Desiccative. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desiderable | a. Desirable. [ R. ] “Good and desiderable things.” Holland. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desiderata | ‖n. pl. See Desideratum. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desiderate | v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Desiderated; p. pr. & vb. n. Desiderating. ] [ L. desideratus, p. p. of desiderare to desire, miss. See Desire, and cf. Desideratum. ] To desire; to feel the want of; to lack; to miss; to want. [ 1913 Webster ] Pray have the goodness to point out one word missing that ought to have been there -- please to insert a desiderated stanza. You can not. Prof. Wilson. [ 1913 Webster ] Men were beginning . . . to desiderate for them an actual abode of fire. A. W. Ward. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desideration | n. [ L. desideratio. ] Act of desiderating; also, the thing desired. [ R. ] Jeffrey. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desiderative | a. [ L. desiderativus. ] Denoting desire; as, desiderative verbs. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desiderative | n. 1. An object of desire. [ 1913 Webster ] 2. (Gram.) A verb formed from another verb by a change of termination, and expressing the desire of doing that which is indicated by the primitive verb. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desideratum | ‖n.; pl. Desiderata [ L., fr. desideratus, p. p. See Desiderate. ] Anything desired; that of which the lack is felt; a want generally felt and acknowledge. | | Desidious | { } a. [ L. desidiosus, fr. desidia a sitting idle, fr. desid&unr_;re to sit idle; de- + sed&unr_;re to sit. ] Idle; lazy. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ] Variants: Desidiose | | Desidiousness | n. The state or quality of being desidiose, or indolent. [ Obs. ] N. Bacon. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desight | n. [ Pref. de- + sight. ] An unsightly object. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desightment | n. The act of making unsightly; disfigurement. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ] To substitute jury masts at whatever desightment or damage in risk. London Times. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Design | v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Designed p. pr. & vb. n. Designing. ] [ F. désigner to designate, cf. F. dessiner to draw, dessin drawing, dessein a plan or scheme; all, ultimately, from L. designare to designate; de- + signare to mark, mark out, signum mark, sign. See Sign, and cf. Design, n., Designate. ] 1. To draw preliminary outline or main features of; to sketch for a pattern or model; to delineate; to trace out; to draw. Dryden. [ 1913 Webster ] 2. To mark out and exhibit; to designate; to indicate; to show; to point out; to appoint. [ 1913 Webster ] We shall see
Justice design the victor's chivalry. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ] Meet me to-morrow where the master
And this fraternity shall design. Beau. & Fl. [ 1913 Webster ] 3. To create or produce, as a work of art; to form a plan or scheme of; to form in idea; to invent; to project; to lay out in the mind; as, a man designs an essay, a poem, a statue, or a cathedral. [ 1913 Webster ] 4. To intend or purpose; -- usually with for before the remote object, but sometimes with to. [ 1913 Webster ] Ask of politicians the end for which laws were originally designed. Burke. [ 1913 Webster ] He was designed to the study of the law. Dryden. Syn. -- To sketch; plan; purpose; intend; propose; project; mean. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Design | v. i. To form a design or designs; to plan. [ 1913 Webster ]
Design for, to intend to go to. [ Obs. ] “From this city she designed for Collin [ Cologne ].” Evelyn. [ 1913 Webster ]
| | Design | n. [ Cf. dessein, dessin. ] 1. A preliminary sketch; an outline or pattern of the main features of something to be executed, as of a picture, a building, or a decoration; a delineation; a plan. [ 1913 Webster ] 2. A plan or scheme formed in the mind of something to be done; preliminary conception; idea intended to be expressed in a visible form or carried into action; intention; purpose; -- often used in a bad sense for evil intention or purpose; scheme; plot. [ 1913 Webster ] The vast design and purpos&unr_; of the King. Tennyson. [ 1913 Webster ] The leaders of that assembly who withstood the designs of a besotted woman. Hallam. [ 1913 Webster ] A . . . settled design upon another man's life. Locke. [ 1913 Webster ] How little he could guess the secret designs of the court! Macaulay. [ 1913 Webster ] 3. Specifically, intention or purpose as revealed or inferred from the adaptation of means to an end; as, the argument from design. [ 1913 Webster ] 4. The realization of an inventive or decorative plan; esp., a work of decorative art considered as a new creation; conception or plan shown in completed work; as, this carved panel is a fine design, or of a fine design. [ 1913 Webster ] 5. (Mus.) The invention and conduct of the subject; the disposition of every part, and the general order of the whole. [ 1913 Webster ]
Arts of design, those into which the designing of artistic forms and figures enters as a principal part, as architecture, painting, engraving, sculpture. --
School of design, one in which are taught the invention and delineation of artistic or decorative figures, patterns, and the like.
Syn. -- Intention; purpose; scheme; project; plan; idea. -- Design, Intention, Purpose. Design has reference to something definitely aimed at. Intention points to the feelings or desires with which a thing is sought. Purpose has reference to a settled choice or determination for its attainment. “I had no design to injure you, ” means it was no part of my aim or object. “I had no intention to injure you, ” means, I had no wish or desire of that kind. “My purpose was directly the reverse, ” makes the case still stronger. [ 1913 Webster ] Is he a prudent man . . . that lays designs only for a day, without any prospect to the remaining part of his life? Tillotson. [ 1913 Webster ] I wish others the same intention, and greater successes. Sir W. Temple. [ 1913 Webster ] It is the purpose that makes strong the vow. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Designable | a. Capable of being designated or distinctly marked out; distinguishable. Boyle. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Designate | a. [ L. designatus, p. p. of designare. See Design, v. t. ] Designated; appointed; chosen. [ R. ] Sir G. Buck. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Designate | v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Designated; p. pr. & vb. n. Designating. ] 1. To mark out and make known; to point out; to name; to indicate; to show; to distinguish by marks or description; to specify; as, to designate the boundaries of a country; to designate the rioters who are to be arrested. [ 1913 Webster ] 2. To call by a distinctive title; to name. [ 1913 Webster ] 3. To indicate or set apart for a purpose or duty; -- with to or for; as, to designate an officer for or to the command of a post or station. Syn. -- To name; denominate; style; entitle; characterize; describe. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Designation | n. [ L. designatio: cf. F. désignation. ] 1. The act of designating; a pointing out or showing; indication. [ 1913 Webster ] 2. Selection and appointment for a purpose; allotment; direction. [ 1913 Webster ] 3. That which designates; a distinguishing mark or name; distinctive title; appellation. [ 1913 Webster ] The usual designation of the days of the week. Whewell. [ 1913 Webster ] 4. Use or application; import; intention; signification, as of a word or phrase. [ 1913 Webster ] Finite and infinite seem . . . to be attributed primarily, in their first designation, only to those things which have parts. Locke. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Designative | a. [ Cf. F. désignatif. ] Serving to designate or indicate; pointing out. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Designator | n. [ L. ] 1. (Rom. Antiq.) An officer who assigned to each his rank and place in public shows and ceremonies. [ 1913 Webster ] 2. One who designates. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Designatory | a. Serving to designate; designative; indicating. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ] | | Designedly | adv. By design; purposely; intentionally; -- opposed to accidentally, ignorantly, or inadvertently. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Designer | n. 1. One who designs, marks out, or plans; a contriver. [ 1913 Webster ] 2. (Fine Arts) One who produces or creates original works of art or decoration. [ 1913 Webster ] 3. A plotter; a schemer; -- used in a bad sense. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Designful | a. Full of design; scheming. [ R. ] -- De*sign"ful*ness, n. [R.] Barrow. [1913 Webster] | | Designing | a. Intriguing; artful; scheming; as, a designing man. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Designing | n. The act of making designs or sketches; the act of forming designs or plans. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Designless | a. Without design. [ Obs. ] -- De*sign"less*ly, adv. [Obs.] [1913 Webster] | | Designment | n. 1. Delineation; sketch; design; ideal; invention. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ] For though that some mean artist's skill were shown
In mingling colors, or in placing light,
Yet still the fair designment was his own. Dryden. [ 1913 Webster ] 2. Design; purpose; scheme. [ Obs. ] Shak. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desilver | v. t. To deprive of silver; as, to desilver lead. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desilverization | n. The act or the process of freeing from silver; also, the condition resulting from the removal of silver. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desilverize | v. t. To deprive, or free from, silver; to remove silver from. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desinence | n. [ Cf. F. désinence. ] Termination; ending. Bp. Hall. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desinent | a. [ L. desinens, p. pr. of desinere, desitum, to leave off, cease; de- + sinere to let, allow. ] Ending; forming an end; lowermost. [ Obs. ] “Their desinent parts, fish.” B. Jonson. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desinential | a. [ Cf. F. désinentiel. ] Terminal. [ 1913 Webster ] Furthermore, b, as a desinential element, has a dynamic function. Fitzed. Hall. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desipient | a. [ L. desipiens, p. pr. of desipere to be foolish; de- + sapere to be wise. ] Foolish; silly; trifling. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desirability | n. The state or quality of being desirable; desirableness. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desirable | a. [ F. désirable, fr. L. desiderabilis. See Desire, v. t. ] Worthy of desire or longing; fitted to excite desire or a wish to possess; pleasing; agreeable. [ 1913 Webster ] All of them desirable young men. Ezek. xxiii. 12. [ 1913 Webster ] As things desirable excite
Desire, and objects move the appetite. Blackmore. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desirableness | n. The quality of being desirable. [ 1913 Webster ] The desirableness of the Austrian alliance. Froude. [ 1913 Webster ] | | Desirably | adv. In a desirable manner. [ 1913 Webster ] |
| | 希望 | [xī wàng, ㄒㄧ ㄨㄤˋ, 希 望] to wish for; to desire; to hope #205 [Add to Longdo] | | 设计 | [shè jì, ㄕㄜˋ ㄐㄧˋ, 设 计 / 設 計] plan; design; to design; to plan #384 [Add to Longdo] | | 公 | [gōng, ㄍㄨㄥ, 公] just; honorable (designation); public; common #801 [Add to Longdo] | | 想要 | [xiǎng yào, ㄒㄧㄤˇ ㄧㄠˋ, 想 要] to want to; to feel like; to fancy; to care for sb; desirous of #1,265 [Add to Longdo] | | 意思 | [yì si, ㄧˋ ㄙ˙, 意 思] idea; opinion; meaning; wish; desire #1,763 [Add to Longdo] | | 意 | [yì, ㄧˋ, 意] idea; meaning; thought; to think; wish; desire; intention; to expect; to anticipate; abbr. for Italy 意大利 #1,775 [Add to Longdo] | | 愿 | [yuàn, ㄩㄢˋ, 愿 / 願] hope; wish; desire; ready; willing #2,326 [Add to Longdo] | | 欲 | [yù, ㄩˋ, 欲 / 慾] desire; wish #2,328 [Add to Longdo] | | 欲 | [yù, ㄩˋ, 欲] desire; longing; appetite; wish #2,328 [Add to Longdo] | | 愿望 | [yuàn wàng, ㄩㄢˋ ㄨㄤˋ, 愿 望 / 願 望] desire; wish #2,921 [Add to Longdo] | | 指定 | [zhǐ dìng, ㄓˇ ㄉㄧㄥˋ, 指 定] appoint; designated #4,156 [Add to Longdo] | | 渴望 | [kě wàng, ㄎㄜˇ ㄨㄤˋ, 渴 望] desirous; wishful; desire #4,313 [Add to Longdo] | | 设计师 | [shè jì shī, ㄕㄜˋ ㄐㄧˋ ㄕ, 设 计 师 / 設 計 師] designer; architect #4,613 [Add to Longdo] | | 欲望 | [yù wàng, ㄩˋ ㄨㄤˋ, 欲 望 / 慾 望] desire; longing; appetite; craving #4,920 [Add to Longdo] | | 特定 | [tè dìng, ㄊㄜˋ ㄉㄧㄥˋ, 特 定] special; specific; designated; particular #4,984 [Add to Longdo] | | 图案 | [tú àn, ㄊㄨˊ ㄢˋ, 图 案 / 圖 案] design; pattern #5,539 [Add to Longdo] | | 心愿 | [xīn yuàn, ㄒㄧㄣ ㄩㄢˋ, 心 愿 / 心 願] cherished desire; dream; craving; wish; aspiration #6,019 [Add to Longdo] | | 并发症 | [bìng fā zhèng, ㄅㄧㄥˋ ㄈㄚ ㄓㄥˋ, 并 发 症 / 併 發 症] complications (undesired side-effect of medical procedure) #6,589 [Add to Longdo] | | 意愿 | [yì yuàn, ㄧˋ ㄩㄢˋ, 意 愿 / 意 願] aspiration; wish (for); desire #6,762 [Add to Longdo] | | 扭转 | [niǔ zhuǎn, ㄋㄧㄡˇ ㄓㄨㄢˇ, 扭 转 / 扭 轉] to reverse; to turn around (an undesirable situation) #8,486 [Add to Longdo] | | 恨不得 | [hèn bu dé, ㄏㄣˋ ㄅㄨ˙ ㄉㄜˊ, 恨 不 得] wishing one could do sth; to hate to be unable; itching to do sth; can't wait for; to wish one could do sth; to desire strongly #12,009 [Add to Longdo] | | 完备 | [wán bèi, ㄨㄢˊ ㄅㄟˋ, 完 备 / 完 備] faultless; complete; perfect; to leave nothing to be desired #12,208 [Add to Longdo] | | 讨好 | [tǎo hǎo, ㄊㄠˇ ㄏㄠˇ, 讨 好 / 討 好] to get the desired outcome; to win favor by fawning on sb; to curry favor with; a fruitful outcome to reward one's labor #12,914 [Add to Longdo] | | 清查 | [qīng chá, ㄑㄧㄥ ㄔㄚˊ, 清 查] to investigate thoroughly; to carefully inspect; to verify; to ferret out (undesirable elements) #13,316 [Add to Longdo] | | 图纸 | [tú zhǐ, ㄊㄨˊ ㄓˇ, 图 纸 / 圖 紙] blueprint; drawing; design plans; graph paper #13,537 [Add to Longdo] | | 脱水 | [tuō shuǐ, ㄊㄨㄛ ㄕㄨㄟˇ, 脱 水 / 脫 水] to dry out; to extract water; dehydration; dehydrated; desiccation #14,328 [Add to Longdo] | | 花纹 | [huā wén, ㄏㄨㄚ ㄨㄣˊ, 花 纹 / 花 紋] decorative design #14,707 [Add to Longdo] | | 见效 | [jiàn xiào, ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄒㄧㄠˋ, 见 效 / 見 效] to have the desired effect #14,909 [Add to Longdo] | | 指明 | [zhǐ míng, ㄓˇ ㄇㄧㄥˊ, 指 明] to show clearly; to designate; to indicate #15,711 [Add to Longdo] | | 动不动 | [dòng bu dòng, ㄉㄨㄥˋ ㄅㄨ˙ ㄉㄨㄥˋ, 动 不 动 / 動 不 動] apt to happen (usually of sth undesirable); frequently; happening easily (e.g. accident or illness) #16,758 [Add to Longdo] | | 花色 | [huā sè, ㄏㄨㄚ ㄙㄜˋ, 花 色] variety; design and color #18,019 [Add to Longdo] | | 国宝 | [guó bǎo, ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄅㄠˇ, 国 宝 / 國 寶] National Treasure (officially designated by the state cultural authorities in China, Japan and Korea) #18,915 [Add to Longdo] | | 性欲 | [xìng yù, ㄒㄧㄥˋ ㄩˋ, 性 欲 / 性 慾] sexual desire; lust #19,243 [Add to Longdo] | | 设计者 | [shè jì zhě, ㄕㄜˋ ㄐㄧˋ ㄓㄜˇ, 设 计 者 / 設 計 者] designer; architect (of a project) #19,671 [Add to Longdo] | | 力不从心 | [lì bù cóng xīn, ㄌㄧˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄘㄨㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄣ, 力 不 从 心 / 力 不 從 心] less capable than desirable (成语 saw); not as strong as one would wish; the spirit is willing but the flesh is weak #20,445 [Add to Longdo] | | 梦寐以求 | [mèng mèi yǐ qiú, ㄇㄥˋ ㄇㄟˋ ㄧˇ ㄑㄧㄡˊ, 梦 寐 以 求 / 夢 寐 以 求] desire of one's dreams #20,860 [Add to Longdo] | | 工业设计 | [gōng yè shè jì, ㄍㄨㄥ ㄧㄝˋ ㄕㄜˋ ㄐㄧˋ, 工 业 设 计 / 工 業 設 計] industrial design #23,120 [Add to Longdo] | | 企划 | [qǐ huà, ㄑㄧˇ ㄏㄨㄚˋ, 企 划 / 企 劃] to plan; to lay out; to design #23,809 [Add to Longdo] | | 住手 | [zhù shǒu, ㄓㄨˋ ㄕㄡˇ, 住 手] to desist; to stop; to stay one's hand #23,950 [Add to Longdo] | | 罗汉 | [luó hàn, ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄏㄢˋ, 罗 汉 / 羅 漢] an arhat (Buddh.), a holy man who has left behind all earthly desires and concerns and attained Nirvana; abbr. for 阿羅漢|阿罗汉 #24,735 [Add to Longdo] | | 情欲 | [qíng yù, ㄑㄧㄥˊ ㄩˋ, 情 欲] lust; desire; sensual #25,684 [Add to Longdo] | | 襟 | [jīn, ㄐㄧㄣ, 襟] lapel; overlap of Chinese gown; fig. bosom (the seat of emotions); to cherish (ambition, desires, honorable intentions etc) in one's bosom #29,211 [Add to Longdo] | | 画图 | [huà tú, ㄏㄨㄚˋ ㄊㄨˊ, 画 图 / 畫 圖] to draw designs, maps etc; picture (e.g. of life in the city) #32,294 [Add to Longdo] | | 不怀好意 | [bù huái hǎo yì, ㄅㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄞˊ ㄏㄠˇ ㄧˋ, 不 怀 好 意 / 不 懷 好 意] harbor evil designs; harbor malicious intentions #36,110 [Add to Longdo] | | 私欲 | [sī yù, ㄙ ㄩˋ, 私 欲] selfish desire #37,579 [Add to Longdo] | | 完美无缺 | [wán měi wú quē, ㄨㄢˊ ㄇㄟˇ ㄨˊ ㄑㄩㄝ, 完 美 无 缺 / 完 美 無 缺] perfect and without blemish; flawless; to leave nothing to be desired #42,089 [Add to Longdo] | | 逆光 | [nì guāng, ㄋㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄤ, 逆 光] backlighting (lighting design) #42,418 [Add to Longdo] | | 邪念 | [xié niàn, ㄒㄧㄝˊ ㄋㄧㄢˋ, 邪 念] wicked idea; evil thought; evil desire #48,250 [Add to Longdo] | | 合意 | [hé yì, ㄏㄜˊ ㄧˋ, 合 意] acceptable; desirable #50,126 [Add to Longdo] | | 欲念 | [yù niàn, ㄩˋ ㄋㄧㄢˋ, 欲 念] desire #54,814 [Add to Longdo] |
| | 欲する | [ほっする, hossuru] TH: ปรารถนา EN: to desire | | 指定 | [してい, shitei] TH: ระบุ EN: designation (vs) | | 望む | [のぞむ, nozomu] TH: ปรารถนา EN: to desire | | 願う | [ねがう, negau] TH: ปรารถนา EN: to desire |
| | | を | [wo] (prt) (1) indicates direct object of action; (2) indicates subject of causative expression; (3) indicates an area traversed; (4) indicates time (period) over which action takes place; (5) indicates point of departure or separation of action; (6) (See が) indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.; (P) #3 [Add to Longdo] | | 思い(P);想い | [おもい, omoi] (n) thought; mind; heart; feelings; emotion; sentiment; love; affection; desire; wish; hope; expectation; imagination; experience; (P) #159 [Add to Longdo] | | 指定 | [してい, shitei] (n, vs) designation; specification; assignment; appointment; pointing at; (P) #415 [Add to Longdo] | | 文;綾 | [あや, aya] (n) (1) figure; design; (2) (綾 only) twill weave; pattern of diagonal stripes #636 [Add to Longdo] | | 企画(P);企劃 | [きかく, kikaku] (n, vs) planning; project; plan; design; (P) #723 [Add to Longdo] | | デザイン | [dezain] (n, vs) design; (P) #853 [Add to Longdo] | | 様 | [よう, you] (n-suf, n) (1) (uk) (See 様だ) (usu. after the -masu stem of a verb) appearing ...; looking ...; (2) (usu. after the -masu stem of a verb) way to ...; method of ...ing; (3) (usu. after a noun) form; style; design; (4) (usu. after a noun) like; similar to; (n) (5) thing (thought or spoken); (P) #945 [Add to Longdo] | | 設計 | [せっけい, sekkei] (n, vs) plan; design; layout; (P) #1,013 [Add to Longdo] | | 思う(P);想う;念う;憶う;懐う;惟う | [おもう, omou] (v5u, vt) (1) (想う has connotations of heart-felt) to think; to consider; to believe; (2) to think (of doing); to plan (to do); (3) to judge; to assess; to regard; (4) to imagine; to suppose; to dream; (5) to expect; to look forward to; (6) to feel; to desire; to want; (7) to recall; to remember; (P) #1,370 [Add to Longdo] | | 指示 | [しじ, shiji] (n, vs) indication; instruction; designation; directions; (P) #2,104 [Add to Longdo] | | 呼ぶ(P);喚ぶ | [よぶ, yobu] (v5b, vt) (1) to call out (to); to call; to invoke; (2) to summon (a doctor, etc.); (3) to invite; (4) to designate; to name; to brand; (5) to garner (support, etc.); to gather; (6) (arch) (See 娶る) to take as one's wife; (P) #2,149 [Add to Longdo] | | 要求 | [ようきゅう, youkyuu] (n, vs) demand; firm request; requisition; requirement; desire; (P) #2,331 [Add to Longdo] | | 意図 | [いと, ito] (n, vs) intention; aim; design; (P) #2,389 [Add to Longdo] | | 指名 | [しめい, shimei] (n, vs, adj-no) name; nominate; designate; (P) #2,420 [Add to Longdo] | | 呼称 | [こしょう, koshou] (n, vs) (1) naming; giving a name; designation; denomination; (adj-f) (2) nominal; (P) #2,469 [Add to Longdo] | | 願い | [ねがい, negai] (n) desire; wish; request; prayer; petition; application; (P) #3,070 [Add to Longdo] | | 模様 | [もよう, moyou] (n) (1) pattern; figure; design; (2) state; condition; (3) conjecture of the current situation; the way it seems; (4) model; pattern; example; (5) (after a noun) indicates that that noun seems likely (e.g. rain or storm); (P) #3,073 [Add to Longdo] | | 任命 | [にんめい, ninmei] (n, vs, adj-no) appointment; nomination; ordination; commission; designation; (P) #3,257 [Add to Longdo] | | 念 | [ねん, nen] (n) (1) (esp. 〜の念) sense; idea; thought; feeling; (2) desire; concern; (3) (esp. 念に〜、念の／が〜) attention; care; (P) #4,392 [Add to Longdo] | | デザイナー | [dezaina-] (n) designer; (P) #4,847 [Add to Longdo] | | 欲しい | [ほしい, hoshii] (adj-i) (1) (See 欲しがる) wanted; wished for; in need of; desired; (aux-adj) (2) (after the -te form of a verb) I want (you) to; (P) #4,889 [Add to Longdo] | | 図る(P);謀る(P) | [はかる, hakaru] (v5r, vt) (1) to plot; to attempt; to plan; to devise; to design; (2) to take in; to deceive; (3) to aim for; to have something in mind; (4) to refer A to B; (P) #5,518 [Add to Longdo] | | 望む | [のぞむ, nozomu] (v5m, vt) (1) to desire; (2) to wish for; to expect; (3) to see; to command (a view of); (P) #5,621 [Add to Longdo] | | 上げる(P);挙げる(P);揚げる(P) | [あげる, ageru] (v1, vt) (1) (See 手を挙げる・1) to raise; to elevate; (2) (See 髪を上げる) to do up (one's hair); (3) to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to surface (a submarine, etc.); (4) to land (a boat); (5) (揚げる only) to deep-fry; (6) to show someone (into a room); (7) (揚げる only) (uk) to summon (for geishas, etc.); (8) to send someone (away); (9) to enrol (one's child in school) (enroll); (10) to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); (11) (See 声を上げる) to make (a loud sound); to raise (one's voice); (12) to earn (something desirable); (13) to praise; (14) (usu. 挙げる) to give (an example, etc.); to cite; (15) (usu. 挙げる) to summon up (all of one's energy, etc.); (16) (挙げる only) to arrest; (17) (挙げる only) to nominate; (18) (pol) to give; (19) to offer up (incense, a prayer, etc.) to the gods (or Buddha, etc.); (20) to bear (a child); (21) (usu. 挙げる) to conduct (a ceremony, esp. a wedding); (v1, vi) (22) (of the tide) to come in; (v1, vi, vt) (23) to vomit; (aux-v) (24) (uk) (pol) (after the -te form of a verb) to do for (the sake of someone else); (25) (See 作り上げる) (after the -masu stem of a verb) to complete; (26) (hum) (See 申し上げる・2) used after the -masu stem of a humble verb to increase the level of humility; (P) #5,990 [Add to Longdo] | | 柄 | [つか, tsuka] (n, n-suf) (1) pattern; design; (n) (2) body build; figure; physique; (n, n-suf) (3) essential qualities; character; nature; (n-suf) (4) appropriate to; fitting of; suitable for; (P) #6,085 [Add to Longdo] | | 望ましい | [のぞましい, nozomashii] (adj-i) desirable; hoped for; (P) #6,485 [Add to Longdo] | | 探す(P);捜す(P) | [さがす, sagasu] (v5s, vt) (1) (esp. 捜す) to search (for something lost); to seek (a suspect in a crime); (2) (esp. 探す) to search (for something desired, needed); to look for; (P) #7,214 [Add to Longdo] | | 巴 | [ともえ, tomoe] (n) huge comma design; (P) #7,502 [Add to Longdo] | | 野望 | [やぼう, yabou] (n) ambition; aspiration; designs; treachery; (P) #8,982 [Add to Longdo] | | 志願 | [しがん, shigan] (n, vs, adj-no) aspiration; volunteering; desire; application; (P) #9,214 [Add to Longdo] | | 望み | [のぞみ, nozomi] (n) (1) wish; desire; hope; (2) prospect; expectation; (one's) hopes; (P) #10,516 [Add to Longdo] | | 欲望(P);慾望(iK) | [よくぼう, yokubou] (n) desire; appetite; lust; (P) #10,703 [Add to Longdo] | | 意欲(P);意慾(oK) | [いよく, iyoku] (n) will; desire; ambition; (P) #10,910 [Add to Longdo] | | 内装 | [ないそう, naisou] (n, vs) interior design; interior; upholstery; (P) #11,018 [Add to Longdo] | | 会う(P);逢う(P);遭う(P);遇う | [あう, au] (v5u, vi) (1) (逢う is often used for close friends, etc. and may be associated with drama or pathos; 遭う may have an undesirable nuance) to meet; to encounter; (2) (uk) (esp. 遭う when in kanji) to have an accident; to have a bad experience; (P) #11,591 [Add to Longdo] | | 意匠 | [いしょう, ishou] (n) design; (P) #11,784 [Add to Longdo] | | 法定 | [ほうてい, houtei] (n, adj-no) legal; designated by law; (P) #12,003 [Add to Longdo] | | 欲(P);慾 | [よく, yoku] (n) greed; craving; desire; avarice; wants; (P) #12,181 [Add to Longdo] | | 立案 | [りつあん, ritsuan] (n, vs) draft; draught; (rough) design; (P) #12,798 [Add to Longdo] | | 志望 | [しぼう, shibou] (n, vs) wish; desire; ambition; (P) #12,820 [Add to Longdo] | | 退治(P);対治 | [たいじ, taiji] (n, vs) (1) extermination (e.g. of pests, demons, bandits); elimination; eradication; suppression; (2) { Buddh } making someone renounce worldly desires in order to concentrate on Buddha's teachings; (3) curing illness; (P) #13,146 [Add to Longdo] | | 婆;婆あ(ik) | [ばば(婆);ばばあ, baba ( baa ); babaa] (n) (1) (See 祖母) old woman; (2) (ばば only) (See ババ抜き) old maid (undesirable card in the card game of the same name); (3) (ばばあ only) (derog) hag; bitch #13,689 [Add to Longdo] | | 図柄 | [ずがら, zugara] (n) design; pattern; (P) #14,999 [Add to Longdo] | | 願う | [ねがう, negau] (v5u, vt) (1) to desire; to wish; to hope; (2) to beg; to request; to implore; to pray; (aux-v) (3) to have something done for oneself; (P) #15,093 [Add to Longdo] | | 図案 | [ずあん, zuan] (n, adj-no) a design; sketch #15,477 [Add to Longdo] | | 好ましい | [このましい, konomashii] (adj-i) nice; likeable; desirable; (P) #15,935 [Add to Longdo] | | 欲求 | [よっきゅう, yokkyuu] (n, vs, adj-no) desire; (P) #16,443 [Add to Longdo] | | 野心 | [やしん, yashin] (n) ambition; aspiration; designs; treachery; (P) #16,452 [Add to Longdo] | | 仙人 | [せんにん, sennin] (n) (1) immortal mountain wizard (in Taoism); mountain man (esp. a hermit); (2) one not bound by earthly desires or the thoughts of normal men; (P) #16,544 [Add to Longdo] | | 願望 | [がんぼう(P);がんもう, ganbou (P); ganmou] (n, vs, adj-no) desire; wish; aspiration; (P) #17,065 [Add to Longdo] |
| | キャド | [きゃど, kyado] computer-aided design (CAD) [Add to Longdo] | | コンピューター援用設計 | [コンピューターえんようせっけい, konpyu-ta-enyousekkei] computer-aided design, CAD [Add to Longdo] | | システム概念設計 | [システムがいねんせっけい, shisutemu gainensekkei] conceptual system design [Add to Longdo] | | システム設計 | [システムせっけい, shisutemu sekkei] system design [Add to Longdo] | | ディレクトリ名による受信者指定 | [ディレクトリめいによるじゅしんしゃしてい, deirekutori meiniyorujushinshashitei] designation of recipient by directory name, MTPR [Add to Longdo] | | デザインセンター | [でざいんせんたー, dezainsenta-] design center [Add to Longdo] | | デザイン寸法 | [でざいんすんぽう, dezainsunpou] design size [Add to Longdo] | | トップダウン設計 | [トップダウンせっけい, toppudaun sekkei] top-down design [Add to Longdo] | | ドライブ名 | [ドライブめい, doraibu mei] drive letter, drive letter designator [Add to Longdo] | | プリンタ指定 | [プリンタしてい, purinta shitei] printer designation [Add to Longdo] | | 安全設計要件 | [あんぜんせっけいようけん, anzensekkeiyouken] safety design requirement [Add to Longdo] | | 絵柄 | [えがら, egara] pattern, design, picture [Add to Longdo] | | 機械設計 | [きかいせっけい, kikaisekkei] mechanical design [Add to Longdo] | | 機能設計 | [きのうせっけい, kinousekkei] functional design [Add to Longdo] | | 計算機設計言語 | [けいさんきせっけいげんごう, keisankisekkeigengou] CDL, Computer Design Language [Add to Longdo] | | 公開文指示シーケンス | [こうかいぶんしじシーケンス, koukaibunshiji shi-kensu] public text designating sequence [Add to Longdo] | | 指示 | [しじ, shiji] designation (vs) [Add to Longdo] | | 指示子 | [しじし, shijishi] designator [Add to Longdo] | | 指定 | [してい, shitei] designation (vs), appointment, phrase [Add to Longdo] | | 指定子 | [していし, shiteishi] descriptor, designator [Add to Longdo] | | 詳細設計 | [しょうさいせっけい, shousaisekkei] detailed design [Add to Longdo] | | 特定子 | [とくていし, tokuteishi] designator [Add to Longdo] | | 配信期限指定 | [はいしんきげんしてい, haishinkigenshitei] latest delivery designation [Add to Longdo] | | 魅力的機能 | [みろくてききのい, mirokutekikinoi] desirable feature [Add to Longdo] | | 論理設計 | [ろんりせっけい, ronrisekkei] logic design [Add to Longdo] | | デザイナーニセン | [でざいなーにせん, dezaina-nisen] Designer2000 [Add to Longdo] | | パワーデザイナー | [ぱわーでざいなー, pawa-dezaina-] PowerDesigner [Add to Longdo] |
| | 幻滅 | [げんめつ, genmetsu] Desillusion, Enttaeuschung [Add to Longdo] | | 意匠 | [いしょう, ishou] Muster, Design, Entwurf, Idee [Add to Longdo] | | 柄 | [がら, gara] Muster, Design, Typus, Charakter [Add to Longdo] |
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เพิ่มคำศัพท์
ทราบความหมายของคำศัพท์นี้? กด [เพิ่มคำศัพท์] เพื่อใส่คำนี้พร้อมความหมาย เพื่อเป็นวิทยาทานแก่ผู้ใช้ท่านอื่น ๆ
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