มีผลลัพธ์ที่ไม่แสดงผลอยู่ | wrought | (adj) ซึ่งสร้างขึ้น, Syn. created, manufactured, formed, worked | | wrought | (adj) ซึ่งสร้างอย่างประณีตและตั้งใจ | | wrought | (vt) กริยาช่องที่ 2 และ 3 ของ work (คำโบราณ) | | wrought-up | (adj) ตื่นเต้น, See also: กระวนกระวาย, วิตก, Syn. agitated, excited, Ant. calm | | wrought iron | (n) เหล็กบริสุทธิ์ที่ดัดเป็นรูปร่างต่างๆ ได้ง่ายและทนทาน, See also: มักใช้ทำรั้วหรือประตูและอื่นๆ |
| | wrought | (รอท) vi., vt. กริยาช่อง 2 และ 3 ของ work. adj. หล่อหลอมขึ้น, ทำขึ้น, เสริมขึ้น, ประดับ, Syn. fashioned, made | | wrought iron | n. เหล็กในรูปที่ค่อนข้างบริสุทธิ์เกือบจะไม่มีคาร์บอน, See also: wrought-iron adj. | | wrought-up | (รอท'อัพ) adj. ตื่นเต้น, ถูกยั่วยุ, ถูกรบกวน, Syn. worked-up | | high-wrought | (ไฮ'รอท) adj. ตื่นเต้นอย่างมาก, เร่าร้อน, ตึงเครียดมาก | | overwrought | (โอ'เวอะรอท) adj. เหน็ดเหนื่อยเกินไป, พิถีพิถันเกินไป, ประณีตเกินไป, เคร่งเครียดเกินไป, ตกใจง่าย, ไม่เป็นไปตามธรรมชาติ vi. กริยาช่อง 3 ของ overwork | | rough-wrought | (รัฟ'รอท) adj. ตกแต่งในครั้งแรก, ทำอย่างหยาบ ๆ | | unwrought | (อันรอท') adj. เป็นรูปร่างคร่าว ๆ , ดั้งเดิม, ไม่ได้ตกแต่ง, หยาบ |
| | wrought | (adj) กระทำ, ประดิษฐ์ขึ้น, หล่อขึ้น, เสริม, ประดับ | | inwrought | (adj) แกะสลัก, ทำในเนื้อ, ฝังในเนื้อ | | overwrought | (adj) ประณีตมากไป, พิถีพิถันเกินไป |
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| | | | wrought iron | (n) iron having a low carbon content that is tough and malleable and so can be forged and welded, Syn. wrought iron |
| | Wrought | imp. & p. p. of Work; as, What hath God wrought?. [ 1913 Webster ] In 1837, Samuel F. B. Morse, an American artist, devised a working electric telegraph, based on a rough knowledge of electrical circuits, electromagnetic induction coils, and a scheme to encode alphabetic letters. He and his collaborators and backers campaigned for years before persuading the federal government to fund a demonstration. Finally, on May 24, 1844, they sent the first official long-distance telegraphic message in Morse code, "What hath God wrought," through a copper wire strung between Washington, D.C., to Baltimore, Maryland. The phrase was taken from the Bible, Numbers 23:23. It had been suggested to Morse by Annie Ellworth, the young daughter of a friend. Library of Congress, American Memories series (http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/may24.html). [ PJC ] Alas that I was wrought [ created ]! Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ] The word wrought is sometimes assumed to be the past tense of wreak, as the phrases
wreak havoc and
wrought havoc are both commonly used. In fact,
wrought havoc is not as common as
wreaked havoc. Whether wrought is considered as the past tense of wreak or of work,
wrought havoc has essentially the same meaning, encouraging the confusion. Etymologically, however, wrought is only the past tense of work. [ PJC ] Wrought and wreaked havoc
Recently, we mentioned that something had wreaked havoc with our PC. We were fairly quickly corrected by someone who said, "Shouldn't that be wrought havoc?" The answer is no, because either wreaked or wrought is fine here. A misconception often arises because wrought is wrongly assumed to be the past participle of wreak. In fact wrought is the past participle of an early version of the word work!
Wreak comes from Old English wrecan "drive out, punish, avenge", which derives ultimately from the Indo-European root *wreg- "push, shove, drive, track down". Latin urgere "to urge" comes from the same source, giving English urge. Interestingly, wreak is also related to wrack and wreck. The phrase wreak havoc was first used by Agatha Christie in 1923.
Wrought, on the other hand, arose in the 13th century as the past participle of wirchen, Old English for "work". In the 15th century worked came into use as the past participle of work, but wrought survived in such phrases as finely-wrought, hand-wrought, and, of course, wrought havoc . . . .
Havoc, by the way, comes from Anglo-French havok, which derived from the phrase crier havot "to cry havoc". This meant "to give the army the order to begin seizing spoil, or to pillage". It is thought that this exclamation was Germanic in origin, but that's all that anyone will say about it! The destruction associated with pillaging came to be applied metaphorically to havoc, giving the word its current meaning.
The Institute for Etymological Research and Education (http://www.takeourword.com/Issue048.html) [ PJC ] | | Wrought | a. 1. Worked; elaborated; not rough or crude. [ 1913 Webster ] 2. Shaped by beating with a hammer; as, wrought iron. [ PJC ]
Wrought iron. See under Iron. [ 1913 Webster ]
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| | | เหล็กดัด | [lek dat] (n, exp) EN: curved steel ; wrought-iron ; braces |
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