{ ‖ } n. [ Gr. a`ga`llochon, of Eastern origin: cf. Skr. aguru, Heb. pl. ahālīm. ] A soft, resinous wood (Aquilaria Agallocha) of highly aromatic smell, burnt by the orientals as a perfume. It is called also agalwood and aloes wood. The name is also given to some other species. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. 1 a genus of chiefly Old World herbs.
Syn. -- genus Anagallis. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

a. Opposed to what is Gallic or French. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. a small wrasse (Tautogolabrus adspersus), common in north Atantic coastal waters of the U. S.; -- also called the cunner.
Syn. -- cunner. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. (Zool.) A small marine fish; -- also called cunner. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖ [ L., tail of a cock. ] (Paleon.) A plume-shaped fossil, supposed to be a seaweed, characteristic of the lower Devonian rocks; as, the cauda galli grit. [ 1913 Webster ]

Cauda galli epoch (Geol.), an epoch at the begining of the Devonian age in eastern America, so named from the characteristic gritty sandstone marked with impressions of Cauda galli. See the Diagram under Geology. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. In a conjugal manner; matrimonially; connubially. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A kind of oak-leaf gall. See Gall. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To deprive of gallantry. [ Obs. ] B. Jonson. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n. (Zoöl.) [ Native name. ] The South African wart hog. See Wart hog. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To make a gallant of. [ Obs. ] B. Jonson. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Naut.) Designating the mast, sail, yard, etc., above the topmast; as, the fore-topgallant sail. See Sail. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. Thriftily; prudently. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. To scoff; to jeer. [ R. ] Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A wound in the skin made by rubbing. [ 1913 Webster ]

n.[ OE. galle, gal, AS. gealla; akin to D. gal, OS. & OHG. galla, Icel. gall, SW. galla, Dan. galde, L. fel, Gr. &unr_;, and prob. to E. yellow. √49. See Yellow, and cf. Choler ] 1. (Physiol.) The bitter, alkaline, viscid fluid found in the gall bladder, beneath the liver. It consists of the secretion of the liver, or bile, mixed with that of the mucous membrane of the gall bladder. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. The gall bladder. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Anything extremely bitter; bitterness; rancor. [ 1913 Webster ]

He hath . . . compassed me with gall and travail. Lam. iii. 5. [ 1913 Webster ]

Comedy diverted without gall. Dryden. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. Impudence; brazen assurance. [ Slang ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Gall bladder (Anat.), the membranous sac, in which the bile, or gall, is stored up, as secreted by the liver; the cholecystis. See Illust. of Digestive apparatus. --
Gall duct, a duct which conveys bile, as the cystic duct, or the hepatic duct. --
Gall sickness, a remitting bilious fever in the Netherlands. Dunglison. --
Gall of the earth (Bot.), an herbaceous composite plant with variously lobed and cleft leaves, usually the Prenanthes serpentaria. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. galle, noix de galle, fr. L. galla. ] (Zool.) An excrescence of any form produced on any part of a plant by insects or their larvae. They are most commonly caused by small Hymenoptera and Diptera which puncture the bark and lay their eggs in the wounds. The larvae live within the galls. Some galls are due to aphids, mites, etc. See Gallnut. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ The galls, or gallnuts, of commerce are produced by insects of the genus Cynips, chiefly on an oak (Quercus infectoria syn. Quercus Lusitanica) of Western Asia and Southern Europe. They contain much tannin, and are used in the manufacture of that article and for making ink and a black dye, as well as in medicine. [ 1913 Webster ]

Gall insect (Zool.), any insect that produces galls. --
Gall midge (Zool.), any small dipterous insect that produces galls. --
Gall oak, the oak (Quercus infectoria) which yields the galls of commerce. --
Gall of glass, the neutral salt skimmed off from the surface of melted crown glass;- called also glass gall and sandiver. Ure.--
Gall wasp. (Zool.) See Gallfly. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. (Dyeing) To impregnate with a decoction of gallnuts. Ure. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Galled p. pr. & vb. n. Galling. ] [ OE. gallen; cf. F. galer to scratch, rub, gale scurf, scab, G. galle a disease in horses' feet, an excrescence under the tongue of horses; of uncertain origin. Cf. Gall gallnut. ] 1. To fret and wear away by friction; to hurt or break the skin of by rubbing; to chafe; to injure the surface of by attrition; as, a saddle galls the back of a horse; to gall a mast or a cable. [ 1913 Webster ]

I am loth to gall a new-healed wound. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To fret; to vex; as, to be galled by sarcasm. [ 1913 Webster ]

They that are most galled with my folly,
They most must laugh. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. To injure; to harass; to annoy; as, the troops were galled by the shot of the enemy. [ 1913 Webster ]

In our wars against the French of old, we used to gall them with our longbows, at a greater distance than they could shoot their arrows. Addison. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ F. gallant, prop. p. pr. of OF. galer to rejoice, akin to OF. gale amusement, It. gala ornament; of German origin; cf. OHG. geil merry, luxuriant, wanton, G. geil lascivious, akin to AS. gāl wanton, wicked, OS. gēl merry, Goth. gailjan to make to rejoice, or perh. akin to E. weal. See Gala, Galloon. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

1. Showy; splendid; magnificent; gay; well-dressed. [ 1913 Webster ]

The town is built in a very gallant place. Evelyn. [ 1913 Webster ]

Our royal, good and gallant ship. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Noble in bearing or spirit; brave; high-spirited; courageous; heroic; magnanimous; as, a gallant youth; a gallant officer. [ 1913 Webster ]

That gallant spirit hath aspired the clouds. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

The gay, the wise, the gallant, and the grave. Waller.

Syn. -- Gallant, Courageous, Brave. Courageous is generic, denoting an inward spirit which rises above fear; brave is more outward, marking a spirit which braves or defies danger; gallant rises still higher, denoting bravery on extraordinary occasions in a spirit of adventure. A courageous man is ready for battle; a brave man courts it; a gallant man dashes into the midst of the conflict. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Polite and attentive to ladies; courteous to women; chivalrous. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. A man of mettle or spirit; a gay, fashionable man; a young blood. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. One fond of paying attention to ladies. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. One who wooes; a lover; a suitor; in a bad sense, a seducer. Addison. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ In the first sense it is by some orthoëpists (as in Shakespeare) accented on the first syllable. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Gallanted; p. pr. & vb. n. Gallanting. ] 1. To attend or wait on, as a lady; as, to gallant ladies to the play. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To handle with grace or in a modish manner; as, to gallant a fan. [ Obs. ] Addison. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. In a polite or courtly manner; like a gallant or wooer. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. In a gallant manner. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The quality of being gallant. [ 1913 Webster ]

n.; pl. Gallantries [ F. galanterie. ] 1. Splendor of appearance; ostentatious finery. [ Archaic ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Guess the gallantry of our church by this . . . when the desk whereon the priest read was inlaid with plates of silver. Fuller. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Bravery; intrepidity; as, the troops behaved with great gallantry. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Civility or polite attention to ladies; in a bad sense, attention or courtesy designed to win criminal favors from a female; freedom of principle or practice with respect to female virtue; intrigue. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. Gallant persons, collectively. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Helenus, Antenor, and all the gallantry of Troy. Shak.

Syn. -- See Courage, and Heroism. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. F. gallate. See Gall gallnut. ] (Chem.) A salt of gallic acid. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ From L. gallus a cock. ] (Zool.) The tread, treadle, or chalasa of an egg. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. galéasse, galéace; cf. It. galeazza, Sp. galeaza; LL. galea a galley. See Galley. ] (Naut.) A large galley, having some features of the galleon, as broadside guns; esp., such a vessel used by the southern nations of Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries. See Galleon, and Galley. [ Written variously galeas, gallias, etc. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ “The galleasses . . . were a third larger than the ordinary galley, and rowed each by three hundred galley slaves. They consisted of an enormous towering structure at the stern, a castellated structure almost equally massive in front, with seats for the rowers amidships.” Motley.

{ } n. [ Sp. Gallego. ] A native or inhabitant of Galicia, in Spain; a Galician. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Pyrogallol + phthaleïn. ] (Chem.) A red crystalline dyestuff, obtained by heating together pyrogallic and phthalic acids. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Sp. galeon, cf. F. galion; fr. LL. galeo, galio. See Galley. ] (Naut.) A sailing vessel of the 15th and following centuries, often having three or four decks, and used for war or commerce. The term is often rather indiscriminately applied to any large sailing vessel. [ 1913 Webster ]

The galleons . . . were huge, round-stemmed, clumsy vessels, with bulwarks three or four feet thick, and built up at stem and stern, like castles. Motley. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Naut.) See Galiot. [ 1913 Webster ]

n.; pl. Galleries [ F. galerie, It. galleria, fr. LL. galeria gallery, perh. orig., a festal hall, banquetting hall; cf. OF. galerie a rejoicing, fr. galer to rejoice. Cf. Gallant, a. ] 1. A long and narrow corridor, or place for walking; a connecting passageway, as between one room and another; also, a long hole or passage excavated by a boring or burrowing animal. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A room for the exhibition of works of art; as, a picture gallery; hence, also, a large or important collection of paintings, sculptures, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. A long and narrow platform attached to one or more sides of public hall or the interior of a church, and supported by brackets or columns; -- sometimes intended to be occupied by musicians or spectators, sometimes designed merely to increase the capacity of the hall. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. (Naut.) A frame, like a balcony, projecting from the stern or quarter of a ship, and hence called stern gallery or quarter gallery, -- seldom found in vessels built since 1850. [ 1913 Webster ]

5. (Fort.) Any communication which is covered overhead as well as at the sides. When prepared for defense, it is a defensive gallery. [ 1913 Webster ]

6. (Mining) A working drift or level. [ 1913 Webster ]

Whispering gallery. See under Whispering. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ OE. gallytile. Cf. Gallipot. ] A little tile of glazed earthenware. [ Obs. ] “The substance of galletyle.” Bacon. [ 1913 Webster ]

n.; pl. Galleys [ OE. gale, galeie (cf. OF. galie, galée, LL. galea, LGr. &unr_;; of unknown origin. ] 1. (Naut.) A vessel propelled by oars, whether having masts and sails or not; as: (a) A large vessel for war and national purposes; -- common in the Middle Ages, and down to the 17th century. (b) A name given by analogy to the Greek, Roman, and other ancient vessels propelled by oars. (c) A light, open boat used on the Thames by customhouse officers, press gangs, and also for pleasure. (d) One of the small boats carried by a man-of-war. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ The typical galley of the Mediterranean was from one hundred to two hundred feet long, often having twenty oars on each side. It had two or three masts rigged with lateen sails, carried guns at prow and stern, and a complement of one thousand to twelve hundred men, and was very efficient in mediaeval warfare. Galleons, galliots, galleasses, half galleys, and quarter galleys were all modifications of this type. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. The cookroom or kitchen and cooking apparatus of a vessel; -- sometimes on merchant vessels called the caboose. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. (Chem.) An oblong oven or muffle with a battery of retorts; a gallery furnace. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. [ F. galée; the same word as E. galley a vessel. ] (Print.) (a) An oblong tray of wood or brass, with upright sides, for holding type which has been set, or is to be made up, etc. (b) A proof sheet taken from type while on a galley; a galley proof. [ 1913 Webster ]

Galley slave, a person condemned, often as a punishment for crime, to work at the oar on board a galley. “To toil like a galley slave.” Macaulay.--
Galley slice (Print.), a sliding false bottom to a large galley. Knight. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Etymol. uncertain. ] (Zool.) The European green woodpecker, called also the yaffle; also, the spotted woodpecker. [ Prov. Eng. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Prob. so called because the numerous legs along the sides move rhythmically like the oars of a galley. ] (Zool.) A chilognath myriapod of the genus Iulus, and allied genera, having numerous short legs along the sides; a milliped or “thousand legs.” See Chilognatha. [ 1913 Webster ]

n.; pl. Gallflies (Zool.) An insect that deposits its eggs in plants, and occasions galls, esp. any small hymenopteran of the genus Cynips and allied genera. See Illust. of Gall. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ L. galliambus a song used by the priests of Cybele; Gallus (a name applied to these priests) + iambus ] (Pros.) Consisting of two iambic dimeters catalectic, the last of which lacks the final syllable; -- said of a kind of verse. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ See Gallic. ] Gallic; French. [ Obs. ] Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ OE., fr. F. gaillard, perh. of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. & Gael. galach valiant, or AS. gagol, geagl, wanton, lascivious. ] Gay; brisk; active. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A brisk, gay man. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

Selden is a galliard by himself. Cleveland. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. gaillarde, cf. Sp. gallarda. See Galliard, a. ] A gay, lively dance. Cf. Gailliarde. [ 1913 Webster ]

Never a hall such a galliard did grace. Sir. W. Scott. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. gaillardise. See Galliard, a. ] Excessive gayety; merriment. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

The mirth and galliardise of company. Sir. T. Browne. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Gayety. [ Obs. ] Gayton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Same as Galleass. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ From Gallium. ] (Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, gallium. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ From Gall the excrescence. ] Pertaining to, or derived from, galls, nutgalls, and the like. [ 1913 Webster ]

Gallic acid (Chem.), an organic acid, very widely distributed in the vegetable kingdom, being found in the free state in galls, tea, etc., and produced artificially. It is a white, crystalline substance, C6H2(HO)3.CO2H, with an astringent taste, and is a strong reducing agent, as employed in photography. It is usually prepared from tannin, and both give a dark color with iron salts, forming tannate and gallate of iron, which are the essential ingredients of common black ink. [ 1913 Webster ]