{ } n. [ OE. avoutrie, avouterie, advoutrie, OF. avoutrie, avulterie, fr. L. adulterium. Cf. Adultery. ] Adultery. [ Obs. ] Bacon. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A second growth or crop, or (metaphorically) development. J. S. Mill. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ AS. tīd time. ] The time at or near All Saints, or November 1st. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. Adultery. See Advoutry. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To treat as a lout; to talk abusively to. [ Obs. ] Camden. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ From Blow to blossom: cf. Growth. ] A blossoming; a bloom. [ Obs. or Archaic ] “In the blowth and bud.” Sir W. Raleigh. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. A blowgun. Tylor. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A similar instrument, commonly of tin, used by boys for discharging paper wads and other light missiles. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. (Glassmaking) A long wrought iron tube, on the end of which the workman gathers a quantity of “metal” (melted glass), and through which he blows to expand or shape it; -- called also blowing tube, and blowpipe. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. See Boultel. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ Cf. OE. chowre, and Prov. E. chow, to grumble. ] To grumble or mutter like a froward child. [ Obs. ] E. Phillips. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. An ancient musical instrument. See 4th Crowd. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Bot.) 1. The Lotus corniculatus. Dr. Prior. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. An unidentified plant, probably the crowfoot. “The tufted crowtoe.” Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n. [ W. ] (Mus.) See 4th Crowd. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. See Drought. Bacon. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ See Newt. ] (Zoöl.) The newt. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ Cf. Flay. ] To scrape or pare, as a skin. [ Obs. ] Johnson. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Icel. grōðr, grōði. See Grow. ] 1. The process of growing; the gradual increase of an animal or a vegetable body; the development from a seed, germ, or root, to full size or maturity; increase in size, number, frequency, strength, etc.; augmentation; advancement; production; prevalence or influence; as, the growth of trade; the growth of power; the growth of intemperance. Idle weeds are fast in growth. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. That which has grown or is growing; anything produced; product; consequence; effect; result. [ 1913 Webster ]

Nature multiplies her fertile growth. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Lit., greathead. ] A lazy person; a blockhead. [ Obs. ] Tusser. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Having capacity of growth. [ R. ] J. Hamilton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ AS. hagaþorn, hægþorn. See Haw a hedge, and Thorn. ] (Bot.) A thorny shrub or tree (the Crataegus oxyacantha), having deeply lobed, shining leaves, small, roselike, fragrant flowers, and a fruit called haw. It is much used in Europe for hedges, and for standards in gardens. The American hawthorn is Crataegus cordata, which has the leaves but little lobed. [ 1913 Webster ]

Gives not the hawthorn bush a sweeter shade
To shepherds? Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A growth or development inward. J. LeConte. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A mounted peddler of fish; -- called also jouster. [ Obs. ] Carew. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Chinese, knock head. ] The prostration made by mandarins and others to their superiors, either as homage or worship, by knocking the forehead on the ground; same as Kotow. There are degrees in the rite, the highest being expressed by three knockings. [ China ] [ Also spelled kotow. ] S. W. Williams. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Kowtowed p. pr. & vb. n. Kowtowing. ] To perform the kowtow. Same as Kotow [ 1913 Webster ]

I have salaamed and kowtowed to him. H. James. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To defer to another in a servile or humiliating manner; to act obsequiously.
Syn. -- kotow. [ PJC ]

n. Bad growth; an unnatural or abnormal growth. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ OE. ewt, evete, AS. efete, with n prefixed, an ewt being understood as a newt. Cf. Eft. ] (Zool.) Any one of several species of small aquatic salamanders. The common British species are the crested newt (Triton cristatus) and the smooth newt (Lophinus punctatus). In America, Diemictylus viridescens is one of the most abundant species. [ 1913 Webster ]

, prop. n. A famous English mathematician and natural philosopher, born at Woolsthorpe, near Grantham, Lincolnshire, Dec. 25, 1642 (O. S.): died at Kensington, March 20, 1727. His father, Isaac Newton, was a small freehold farmer. He matriculated at Cambridge (Trinity College) July 8, 1661; was elected to a scholarship April 28, 1664; and graduated in Jan., 1665. At the university he was especially attracted by the study of Descartes's geometry. The method of fluxions is supposed to have first occurred to him in 1665. He was made a fellow of Trinity in 1667, and Lucasian professor at Cambridge in Oct., 1669. He became a fellow of the Royal Society in Jan., 1672. Newton's attention was probably drawn to the subject of gravitation as early as 1665. The story of the fall of the apple was first told by Voltaire, who had it from Mrs. Conduitt, Newton's niece. Kepler had established the laws of the planetary orbits, and from these laws Newton proved that the attraction of the sun upon the planets varies inversely as the squares of their distances. Measuring the actual deflection of the moon's orbit from its tangent, he found it to be identical with the deflection which would be created by the attraction of the earth, diminishing in the ratio of the inverse square of the distance. The hypothesis that the same force acted in each case was thus confirmed. The success of Newton's work really depended on the determination of the length of a degree on the earth's surface by Picard in 1671. The universal law of gravitation was Completely elaborated by 1685. The first book of the "principia" or "Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica" Was presented to the Royal Society, April 28, 1686, and the entire work was published in 1687. In 1689 he sat in Parliament for the University of Cambridge, and at this time was associated with John Locke; in 1701 he was reelected. When his friend Charles Montagu (afterward earl of Halifax) was appointed chancellor of the exchequer, Newton was made warden of the mint, and in 1699 master of the mint. The reformation of English coinage was largely his work. The method of fluxions, which he had discovered, was employed in the calculations for the "Principia," but did not appear until 1693, when it was published by Wallis. It also appeared in 1704 in the first edition of the "Optics." On Feb. 21, 1699, he was elected foreign associate of the French Academy of Sciences. In 1703 he was elected president of the Royal Society, and held the office till his death.
Newton was buried in Westminster Abbey on 28 March, eight days after his death. His grave is close to a monument in the Abbey erected in his honor. The Latin inscription reads: Hic depositum est, quod mortale fuit Isaaci Newtoni. This may be translated as “Here lies that which was mortal of Isaac Newton”. Before the funeral his body lay in state in the Jerusalem Chamber and his coffin was followed to its grave by most of the Fellows of the Royal Society. The Lord Chancellor, two dukes and three earls were pall bearers.
Newton is most commonly known for his conception of the law of universal gravitation, but his other discoveries and inventions in mathematics (e.g. the binomial theorem, differential and integral calculus), optics, mechanics, and astronomy place him at the very forefront of all scientists. His study and understanding of light, the invention of the reflecting telescope (1668), and his revelation in his Principia of the mathematical ordering of the universe are all represented on his monument in Westminster Abbey. Century Dictionary 1906, http://westminster-abbey.org [ PJC ]

n. [ Named in honor of Isaac Newton. ca. 1900. ] A unit of force of the Systeme Internationale system of units of measure, equal to the force that produces an acceleration of one meter per second per second when applied to a mass of one kilogram. Abbreviated N. [ PJC ]

a. Of or pertaining to Sir Isaac Newton, or his discoveries. [ 1913 Webster ]

Newtonian philosophy, the philosophy of Sir Isaac Newton; -- applied to the doctrine of the universe as expounded in Newton's “Principia, ” to the modern or experimental philosophy (as opposed to the theories of Descartes and others), and, most frequently, to the mathematical theory of universal gravitation. --
Newtonian telescope (Astron.), a reflecting telescope, in which rays from the large speculum are received by a plane mirror placed diagonally in the axis, and near the open end of the tube, and thrown at right angles toward one side of the tube, where the image is formed and viewed through the eyeplace. --
Newtonian theory of light. See Note under Light. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A follower of Newton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. pl. (Zool.) Neat cattle. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ , adv. [ Now + the. ] Just now; at present. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

But thereof needeth not to speak as nouthe. Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

See Nouthe. [ Obs. ] Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. That which grows out of, or proceeds from, anything; an excrescence; an offshoot; hence, a result or consequence. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. Excessive growth. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A growth that has covered somethin over. [ PJC ]

n. [ OE. pewtyr, OF. peutre, peautre, piautre: cf. D. peauter, piauter, It. peltro, Sp. & Pg. peltre, LL. peutreum, pestrum. Cf. Spelter. ] 1. A hard, tough, but easily fusible, alloy, originally consisting of tin with a little lead, but afterwards modified by the addition of copper, antimony, or bismuth. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Utensils or vessels made of pewter, as dishes, porringers, drinking vessels, tankards, pots. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ Pewter was formerly much used for domestic utensils. Inferior sorts contain a large proportion of lead. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One whose occupation is to make utensils of pewter; a pewtersmith. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Belonging to, or resembling, pewter; as, a pewtery taste. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } n. The hind part or handle of a plow. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Zool.) See Pouter. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The act of regrowing; a second or new growth. Darwin. [ 1913 Webster ]

The regrowth of limbs which had been cut off. A. B. Buckley. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Ruth. [ Obs. ] Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Zool.) An arctic seal (Lobodon carcinophaga), having the molars serrated; -- called also crab-eating seal. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A psaltery. [ Obs. ] Dryden. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Sloth; idleness. [ Obs. ] Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. See Souter. [ Obs. ] B. Jonson. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. (Carp.) A kind of tenon or tongue used in making joints. See Dovetail. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Bot.) A species of willow. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. (Fort.) An outwork with converging sides, its head or front forming a reentrant angle; -- so called from its form. Called also priestcap. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. A swallow-tailed coat. [ 1913 Webster ]

This Stultz coat, a blue swallowtail, with yellow buttons. Thackeray. [ 1913 Webster ]

5. An arrow. Sir W. Scott. [ 1913 Webster ]

6. (Zool.) Any one of numerous species of large and handsome butterflies, belonging to Papilio and allied genera, in which the posterior border of each hind wing is prolongated in the form of a long lobe. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ The black swallowtail, or asterias (see Papilio), the blue swallowtail, or philenor, the tiger swallowtail, or turnus (see Turnus), and the zebra swallowtail, or ajax (see under Zebra) are common American species. See also Troilus. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ See Tew, v. t. ] To beat; to break, as flax or hemp. [ Obs. ] Mortimer. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Truth. [ Obs. ] Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. That which grows under trees; specifically, shrubs or small trees growing among large trees. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The process or result of growing up; progress; development. [ 1913 Webster ]

The new and mighty upgrowth of poetry in Italy. J. R. Green. [ 1913 Webster ]