v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Abbreviated; p. pr. & vb. n. Abbreviating. ] [ L. abbreviatus, p. p. of abbreviare; ad + breviare to shorten, fr. brevis short. See Abridge. ] 1. To make briefer; to shorten; to abridge; to reduce by contraction or omission, especially of words written or spoken. [ 1913 Webster ]

It is one thing to abbreviate by contracting, another by cutting off. Bacon. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Math.) To reduce to lower terms, as a fraction. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ L. abbreviatus, p. p. ] 1. Abbreviated; abridged; shortened. [ R. ] “The abbreviate form.” Earle. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Biol.) Having one part relatively shorter than another or than the ordinary type. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. An abridgment. [ Obs. ] Elyot. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Shortened; relatively short; abbreviate. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ LL. abbreviatio: cf. F. abbréviation. ] 1. The act of shortening, or reducing. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. The result of abbreviating; an abridgment. Tylor. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. The form to which a word or phrase is reduced by contraction and omission; a letter or letters, standing for a word or phrase of which they are a part; as, Gen. for Genesis; U.S.A. for United States of America. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. (Mus.) One dash, or more, through the stem of a note, dividing it respectively into quavers, semiquavers, or demi-semiquavers. Moore. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ LL.: cf. F. abbréviateur. ] 1. One who abbreviates or shortens. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. One of a college of seventy-two officers of the papal court whose duty is to make a short minute of a decision on a petition, or reply of the pope to a letter, and afterwards expand the minute into official form. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Serving or tending to abbreviate; shortening; abridging. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. 1. An abbreviation; an abbreviated state or form. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

2. An abridgment; a compendium or abstract. [ 1913 Webster ]

This is an excellent abbreviature of the whole duty of a Christian. Jer. Taylor. [ 1913 Webster ]

n.; pl. Breviaries [ F. bréviarie, L. breviarium summary, abridgment, neut. noun fr. breviarius abridged, fr. brevis short. See Brief, and cf. Brevier. ] 1. An abridgment; a compend; an epitome; a brief account or summary. [ 1913 Webster ]

A book entitled the abridgment or breviary of those roots that are to be cut up or gathered. Holland. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A book containing the daily public or canonical prayers of the Roman Catholic or of the Greek Church for the seven canonical hours, namely, matins and lauds, the first, third, sixth, and ninth hours, vespers, and compline; -- distinguished from the missal. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. breviatus, p. p. of breviare to shorten, brevis short. ] 1. A short compend; a summary; a brief statement. [ 1913 Webster ]

I omit in this breviate to rehearse. Hakluyt. [ 1913 Webster ]

The same little breviates of infidelity have . . . been published and dispersed with great activity. Bp. Porteus. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A lawyer's brief. [ R. ] Hudibras. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To abbreviate. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. An abbreviature; an abbreviation. [ Obs. ] Johnson. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Prob. from being originally used in printing a breviary. See Breviary. ] (Print.) A size of type between bourgeois and minion. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ This line is printed in brevier type. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. breviloquentia. ] A brief and pertinent mode of speaking. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ L. brevis short + pes, pedis, foot: cf. F. brévipède. ] (Zool.) Having short legs. -- n. A breviped bird. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. brevis short + penna wing: cf. F. brévipenne. ] (Zool.) A brevipennate bird. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ L. brevis short + E. pennate. ] (Zool.) Short-winged; -- applied to birds which can not fly, owing to their short wings, as the ostrich, cassowary, and emu. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } a. [ L. brevis short + E. rostral, rostrate. ] (Zool.) Short-billed; having a short beak. [ 1913 Webster ]

n.; pl. Brevities [ L. brevitas, fr. brevis short: cf. F. brièvité. See Brief. ] 1. Shortness of duration; briefness of time; as, the brevity of human life. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. Contraction into few words; conciseness. [ 1913 Webster ]

Brevity is the soul of wit. Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

This argument is stated by St. John with his usual elegant brevity and simplicity. Bp. Porteus. [ 1913 Webster ]

Syn. -- Shortness; conciseness; succinctness; terseness. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ G., fr. L. cerevisia, cervisia, beer. ] A small visorless cap, worn by members of German student corps. It is made in the corps colors, and usually bears the insignia of the corps. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

n. [ OE. crevace, crevice. F. crevasse, fr. crever to break, burst, fr. L. crepare to crack, break. Cf. Craven, Crepitate, Crevasse. ] A narrow opening resulting from a split or crack or the separation of a junction; a cleft; a fissure; a rent. [ 1913 Webster ]

The mouse,
Behind the moldering wainscot, shrieked,
Or from the crevice peered about. Tennyson. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To crack; to flaw. [ R. ] Sir H. Wotton. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Having a crevice or crevices; as, a creviced structure for storing ears of corn. [ 1913 Webster ]

Trickling through the creviced rock. J. Cunningham. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. (Zool.) The crawfish. [ Prov. Eng. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A fool; a drudge. See Drivel. [ 1913 Webster ]

. (Print.) A proof for final revision. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

a. [ L. praevius going before, leading the way; prae before + via the way. See Voyage. ] Going before in time; being or happening before something else; antecedent; prior; as, previous arrangements; a previous illness. [ 1913 Webster ]

The dull sound . . . previous to the storm,
Rolls o'er the muttering earth. Thomson. [ 1913 Webster ]

Previous question. (Parliamentary Practice) See under Question, and compare Closure. --
Previous to, before; -- often used adverbially for previously. “Previous to publication.” M. Arnold. “A policy . . . his friends had advised previous to 1710.” J. H. Newman. [ 1913 Webster ]

Syn. -- Antecedent; preceding; anterior; prior; foregoing; former. [ 1913 Webster ]

adv. Beforehand; antecedently; as, a plan previously formed. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The quality or state of being previous; priority or antecedence in time. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ L. praevisus, p. p. of praevidere to foresee; prae before + videre to see. See Vision. ] 1. To foresee. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To inform beforehand; to warn. Ld. Lytton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. F. prévision. ] Foresight; foreknowledge; prescience. H. Spencer. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. To vibrate back or in return. -- Re`vi*bra"tion n. [1913 Webster]

v. t. [ L. revictus, p. p. of revincere to conquer. ] To reconquer. [ Obs. ] Bp. Hall. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ From L. revivere, revictum, to live again; pref. re- re- + vivere to live. ] Return to life. [ Obs. ] Sir T. Browne. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To victual again. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. 1. To vie with, or rival, in return. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. (Card Playing) To meet a wager on, as on the taking of a trick, with a higher wager. [ Obs. ] B. Jonson. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. 1. To exceed an adversary's wager in card playing. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To make a retort; to bandy words. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. [ imp. & p. p. Reviewed p. pr. & vb. n. Reveiwing. ] [ Pref. re- + view. Cf. Review, n. ] 1. To view or see again; to look back on. [ R. ] “I shall review Sicilia.” Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. To go over and examine critically or deliberately. Specifically: (a) To reconsider; to revise, as a manuscript before printing it, or a book for a new edition. (b) To go over with critical examination, in order to discover exellences or defects; hence, to write a critical notice of; as, to review a new novel. (c) To make a formal or official examination of the state of, as troops, and the like; as, to review a regiment. (d) (Law) To reexamine judically; as, a higher court may review the proceedings and judgments of a lower one. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. To retrace; to go over again. [ 1913 Webster ]

Shall I the long, laborious scene review? Pope. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. To look back; to make a review. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F. revue, fr. revu, p. p. of revoir to see again, L. revidere; pref. re- re- + videre to see. See View, and cf. Revise. ] 1. A second or repeated view; a reexamination; a retrospective survey; a looking over again; as, a review of one's studies; a review of life. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. An examination with a view to amendment or improvement; revision; as, an author's review of his works. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. A critical examination of a publication, with remarks; a criticism; a critique. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. A periodical containing critical essays upon matters of interest, as new productions in literature, art, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

5. An inspection, as of troops under arms or of a naval force, by a high officer, for the purpose of ascertaining the state of discipline, equipments, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

6. (Law) The judicial examination of the proceedings of a lower court by a higher. [ 1913 Webster ]

7. A lesson studied or recited for a second time. [ 1913 Webster ]

Bill of review (Equity), a bill, in the nature of proceedings in error, filed to procure an examination and alteration or reversal of a final decree which has been duly signed and enrolled. Wharton. --
Commission of review (Eng. Eccl. Law), a commission formerly granted by the crown to revise the sentence of the court of delegates. [ 1913 Webster ]

Syn. -- Reexamination; resurvey; retrospect; survey; reconsideration; revisal; revise; revision. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Capable of being reviewed. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. A review. [ R. ] Southey. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One who reviews or reexamines; an inspector; one who examines publications critically, and publishes his opinion upon their merits; a professional critic of books. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ LL. revigoratus, p. p. of revigorare; L. re- + vigor vigor. ] Having new vigor or strength; invigorated anew. [ R. ] Southey. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To give new vigor to. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. & i. [ imp. & p. p. Reviled p. pr. & vb. n. Reviling. ] [ Pref. re- + OF. aviler to make vile, depreciate, F. avilir; à (L. ad.) + vil vile. See Vile. ] To address or abuse with opprobrious and contemptuous language; to reproach. “And did not she herself revile me there?” Shak. [ 1913 Webster ]

Who, when he was reviled, reviled not again. 1 Pet. ii. 23. [ 1913 Webster ]

Syn. -- To reproach; vilify; upbraid; calumniate. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Reproach; reviling. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

The gracious Judge, without revile, replied. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The act of reviling; also, contemptuous language; reproach; abuse. Spenser. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One who reviles. 1. Cor. vi. 10. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Reproach; abuse; vilification. [ 1913 Webster ]

Neither be ye afraid of their revilings. Isa. li. 7. [ 1913 Webster ]