From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Long \Long\, a. [Compar. {Longer}; superl. {Longest}.] [AS.
long, lang; akin to OS, OFries., D., & G. lang, Icel. langr,
Sw. l[*a]ng, Dan. lang, Goth. laggs, L. longus. [root]125.
Cf. {Length}, {Ling} a fish, {Linger}, {Lunge}, {Purloin}.]
1. Drawn out in a line, or in the direction of length;
protracted; extended; as, a long line; -- opposed to
short, and distinguished from broad or wide.
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2. Drawn out or extended in time; continued through a
considerable tine, or to a great length; as, a long series
of events; a long debate; a long drama; a long history; a
long book.
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3. Slow in passing; causing weariness by length or duration;
lingering; as, long hours of watching.
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4. Occurring or coming after an extended interval; distant in
time; far away.
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The we may us reserve both fresh and strong
Against the tournament, which is not long.
--Spenser.
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5. Having a length of the specified measure; of a specified
length; as, a span long; a yard long; a mile long, that
is, extended to the measure of a mile, etc.
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6. Far-reaching; extensive. " Long views." --Burke.
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7. (Phonetics) Prolonged, or relatively more prolonged, in
utterance; -- said of vowels and syllables. See {Short},
a., 13, and Guide to Pronunciation, [sect][sect] 22, 30.
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8. (Finance & Com.) Having a supply of stocks or goods;
prepared for, or depending for a profit upon, advance in
prices; as, long of cotton. Hence, the phrases: to be, or
go, long of the market, to be on the long side of the
market, to hold products or securities for a rise in
price, esp. when bought on a margin. Contrasted to
{short}.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Note: Long is used as a prefix in a large number of compound
adjectives which are mostly of obvious meaning; as,
long-armed, long-beaked, long-haired, long-horned,
long-necked, long-sleeved, long-tailed, long- worded,
etc.
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{In the long run}, in the whole course of things taken
together; in the ultimate result; eventually.
{Long clam} (Zool.), the common clam ({Mya arenaria}) of the
Northern United States and Canada; -- called also
{soft-shell clam} and {long-neck clam}. See {Mya}.
{Long cloth}, a kind of cotton cloth of superior quality.
{Long clothes}, clothes worn by a young infant, extending
below the feet.
{Long division}. (Math.) See {Division}.
{Long dozen}, one more than a dozen; thirteen.
{Long home}, the grave.
{Long measure}, {Long meter}. See under {Measure}, {Meter}.
{Long Parliament} (Eng. Hist.), the Parliament which
assembled Nov. 3, 1640, and was dissolved by Cromwell,
April 20, 1653.
{Long price}, the full retail price.
{Long purple} (Bot.), a plant with purple flowers, supposed
to be the {Orchis mascula}. --Dr. Prior.
{Long suit}
(a) (Whist), a suit of which one holds originally more
than three cards. --R. A. Proctor.
(b) One's most important resource or source of strength;
as, as an entertainer, her voice was her long suit.
{Long tom}.
(a) A pivot gun of great length and range, on the dock of
a vessel.
(b) A long trough for washing auriferous earth. [Western
U.S.]
(c) (Zool.) The long-tailed titmouse.
{Long wall} (Coal Mining), a working in which the whole seam
is removed and the roof allowed to fall in, as the work
progresses, except where passages are needed.
{Of long}, a long time. [Obs.] --Fairfax.
{To be long of the market}, or {To go long of the market},
{To be on the long side of the market}, etc. (Stock
Exchange), to hold stock for a rise in price, or to have a
contract under which one can demand stock on or before a
certain day at a stipulated price; -- opposed to {short}
in such phrases as, to be short of stock, to sell short,
etc. [Cant] See {Short}.
{To have a long head}, to have a farseeing or sagacious mind.
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From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]:
Division \Di*vi"sion\, n. [F. division, L. divisio, from
dividere. See {Divide}.]
1. The act or process of diving anything into parts, or the
state of being so divided; separation.
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I was overlooked in the division of the spoil.
--Gibbon.
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2. That which divides or keeps apart; a partition.
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3. The portion separated by the divining of a mass or body; a
distinct segment or section.
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Communities and divisions of men. --Addison.
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4. Disunion; difference in opinion or feeling; discord;
variance; alienation.
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There was a division among the people. --John vii.
43.
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5. Difference of condition; state of distinction;
distinction; contrast. --Chaucer.
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I will put a division between my people and thy
people. --Ex. viii.
23.
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6. Separation of the members of a deliberative body, esp. of
the Houses of Parliament, to ascertain the vote.
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The motion passed without a division. --Macaulay.
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7. (Math.) The process of finding how many times one number
or quantity is contained in another; the reverse of
multiplication; also, the rule by which the operation is
performed.
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8. (Logic) The separation of a genus into its constituent
species.
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9. (Mil.)
(a) Two or more brigades under the command of a general
officer.
(b) Two companies of infantry maneuvering as one
subdivision of a battalion.
(c) One of the larger districts into which a country is
divided for administering military affairs.
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10. (Naut.) One of the groups into which a fleet is divided.
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11. (Mus.) A course of notes so running into each other as to
form one series or chain, to be sung in one breath to one
syllable.
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12. (Rhet.) The distribution of a discourse into parts; a
part so distinguished.
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13. (Biol.) A grade or rank in classification; a portion of a
tribe or of a class; or, in some recent authorities,
equivalent to a subkingdom.
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{Cell division} (Biol.), a method of cell increase, in which
new cells are formed by the division of the parent cell.
In this process, the cell nucleus undergoes peculiar
differentiations and changes, as shown in the figure (see
also {Karyokinesis}). At the same time the protoplasm of
the cell becomes gradually constricted by a furrow
transverse to the long axis of the nuclear spindle,
followed, on the completion of the division of the
nucleus, by a separation of the cell contents into two
masses, called the daughter cells.
{Long division} (Math.), the process of division when the
operations are mostly written down.
{Short division} (Math.), the process of division when the
operations are mentally performed and only the results
written down; -- used principally when the divisor is not
greater than ten or twelve.
Syn: compartment; section; share; allotment; distribution;
separation; partition; disjunction; disconnection;
difference; variance; discord; disunion.
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From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]:
long division
n 1: the operation of division in which the sequence of steps
are indicated in detail
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