n. 1. 1 a genus comprising the geometrid moths.
Syn. -- genus Alsophila. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

a. [ Gr. &unr_; unequal + &unr_; leaf. ] (Bot.) Having unequal leaves. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. 'a`nqrwpos man + sofi`a wisdom, knowledge. ] Knowledge of the nature of man; hence, human wisdom. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. chei`r hand + &unr_; knowledge. ] The art of reading character as it is delineated in the hand.

-- Chei*ros"o*phist n. [1913 Webster]

n. [ Gr. chei`r hand + &unr_; skillful, wise. See Sophist. ] A fortune teller. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. chryso`s gold + &unr_; to show. ] (Chem.) A glucoside extracted from rhubarb as a bitter, yellow, crystalline powder, and yielding chrysophanic acid on decomposition. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. Pertaining to, or derived from, or resembling, chrysophane. [ 1913 Webster ]

Chrysophanic acid (Chem.), a yellow crystalline substance extracted from rhubarb, yellow dock, sienna, chrysarobin, etc., and shown to be a derivative of an anthracene. It is used in the treatment of skin diseases; -- called also rhein, rheic acid, rhubarbarin, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. a genus of fishes consisting of the australian snapper.
Syn. -- genus Chrysophrys. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. a class of yellow-green algae, all of which have flagella of unequal length.
Syn. -- class Chrysophyceae, Heterokontae, class Heterokontae. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. a genus of tropical American evergreen trees or shrubs.
Syn. -- genus Chrysophyllum. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. a division of mostly freshwater eukaryotic algae having the chlorophyll masked by brown or yellow pigment; yellow-green and golden-brown algae and diatoms, including the Xanthophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Bacillariophyceae; some some classification systems superseded or subsumed by Heterokontophyta.
Syn. -- division Chrysophyta. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

a. [ Pref. circum- + esophagal. ] (Anat.) Surrounding the esophagus; -- in (Zool.) said of the nerve commissures and ganglia of arthropods and mollusks. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Anat.) Circumesophagal. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. deipnosofisth`s; dei^pnon a meal + sofisth`s a wise man, sophist. ] One of an ancient sect of philosophers, who cultivated learned conversation at meals. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. t. To clear from sophism or error. [ R. ] Hare. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. a natural family of insects including some of those called fruit flies.
Syn. -- family Drosophilidae. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. a genus of dicotyledonous plants having only one species.
Syn. -- genus Drosophyllum. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

a. (Anat.) Esophageal. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Anat.) Pertaining to the esophagus. [ Written also œsophageal. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

a. (Anat.) Esophageal. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. o'isofa`gos the esophagus + te`mnein to cut. ] (Surg.) The operation of making an incision into the esophagus, for the purpose of removing any foreign substance that obstructs the passage. [ Written also œsophagotomy. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ NL., fr. Gr. o'isofa`gos; root of o'i`sw which is used as future of fe`rein to bear, carry (cf. Skr. vī to go, drive) + fagei^n to eat. ] (Anat.) That part of the alimentary canal between the pharynx and the stomach; the gullet. See Illust. of Digestive apparatus, under Digestive. [ Written also œsophagus. ]

a. [ Gr. glw^ssa the tongue + E. pharyngeal. ] (Anat.) Pertaining to both the tongue and the pharynx; -- applied especially to the ninth pair of cranial nerves, which are distributed to the pharynx and tongue. -- n. One of the glossopharyngeal nerves. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. gymnosofisth`s; gymno`s naked + sofisth`s philosopher; cf. F. gymnosophiste. ] One of a sect of philosophers, said to have been found in India by Alexander the Great, who went almost naked, denied themselves the use of flesh, renounced bodily pleasures, and employed themselves in the contemplation of nature. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. The doctrines of the Gymnosophists. Good. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n. [ NL., fr. Gr. me`sos middle + floio`s bark. ] (Bot.) The middle bark of a tree; the green layer of bark, usually soon covered by the outer or corky layer, and obliterated. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n. [ NL., from Gr. meso`fryon. ] (Anat.) See Glabella. [ 1913 Webster ]

‖n. [ NL., fr. Gr. me`sos middle + fy`llon leaf. ] (Bot.) The parenchyma of a leaf between the skin of the two surfaces. Gray. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. mwro`s foolish + sofo`s wise. See also sophomore. ] A philosophical or learned fool. [ Obs. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ Naso- + pharyngeal. ] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to both throat and nose; as, a nasopharyngeal polypus. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L. neuter neutral, Greek sofia skill, wisdom. ] (Philosophy) A branch of philosophy, introduced by Florentin Smarandache in 1980, which studies the origin, nature, and scope of neutralities, as well as their interactions with different ideational spectra. Neutrosophy considers a proposition, theory, event, concept, or entity, “A” in relation to its opposite, “Anti-A” and that which is not A, “Non-A”, and that which is neither “A” nor “Anti-A”, denoted by “Neut-A”. Neutrosophy is the basis of neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic set, and neutrosophic statistics. Neutrosophy / Neutrosophic Probability, Set, and Logic, Florentin Smarandache, American Research Press, 1998 ]. [ PJC ]

adj. 1. not philosophical. Opposite of philosophical. [ WordNet 1.5 ]

n. [ Nose + phenol; orig. used for affections of the nose. ] (Pharm.) An iodine compound obtained as a yellowish gray, odorless, tasteless powder by the action of iodine on phenolphthalein. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

‖n. [ NL.; no`sos disease + fo`bos fear. ] (Med.) Morbid dread of disease. [ Webster 1913 Suppl. ]

n., a., etc. Same as Esophagus, Esophageal, etc. [ 1913 Webster ]

a. [ See Pansophy. ] All-wise; claiming universal knowledge; as, pansophical pretenders. [ R. ] John Worthington. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Pan- + Gr. &unr_; wisdom, &unr_; wise: cf. F. pansophie. ] Universal wisdom; esp., a system of universal knowledge proposed by Comenius (1592 -- 1671), a Moravian educator. [ R. ] Hartlib. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ L., a bad philosopher, fr. philosophus: cf. OF. philosophastre. ] A pretender to philosophy. [ Obs. ] Dr. H. More. [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. [ L. philosophatus, p. p. of philosophari to philosophize. ] To play the philosopher; to moralize. [ Obs. ] Barrow. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. Philosophical speculation and discussion. [ Obs. ] Sir W. Petty. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ F., a philosopher. ] A philosophaster; a philosopher. [ R. ] Carlyle. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Gr. filoso`fhma, from filosofei^n to love knowledge. ] A philosophical proposition, doctrine, or principle of reasoning. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

This, the most venerable, and perhaps the most ancient, of Grecian myths, is a philosopheme. Coleridge. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ OE. philosophre, F. philosophe, L. philosophus, Gr. filo`sofos; fi`los loving + sofo`s wise. Cf. Philosophy. ] 1. One who philosophizes; one versed in, or devoted to, philosophy. [ 1913 Webster ]

Then certain philosophers of the Epicureans, and of the Stoics, encountered him. Acts xvii. 18. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. One who reduces the principles of philosophy to practice in the conduct of life; one who lives according to the rules of practical wisdom; one who meets or regards all vicissitudes with calmness. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. An alchemist. [ Obs. ] Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

Philosopher's stone, an imaginary stone which the alchemists formerly sought as the instrument of converting the baser metals into gold. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } a. [ L. philosophicus: cf. F. philosophique. ] Of or pertaining to philosophy; versed in, or imbued with, the principles of philosophy; hence, characterizing a philosopher; rational; wise; temperate; calm; cool. -- Phil`o*soph"ic*al*ly, adv. [1913 Webster]

n. [ Cf. F. philosophisme. ] Spurious philosophy; the love or practice of sophistry. Carlyle. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. [ Cf. F. philosophiste. ] A pretender in philosophy. [ 1913 Webster ]

{ } a. Of or pertaining to the love or practice of sophistry. [ R. ] [ 1913 Webster ]

v. i. [ imp. & p. p. Philosophized p. pr. & vb. n. hilosophizing ] To reason like a philosopher; to search into the reason and nature of things; to investigate phenomena, and assign rational causes for their existence. [ 1913 Webster ]

Man philosophizes as he lives. He may philosophize well or ill, but philosophize he must. Sir W. Hamilton. [ 1913 Webster ]

n. One who philosophizes. [ 1913 Webster ]

n.; pl. Philosophies [ OE. philosophie, F. philosophie, L. philosophia, from Gr. filosofi`a. See Philosopher. ] 1. Literally, the love of, inducing the search after, wisdom; in actual usage, the knowledge of phenomena as explained by, and resolved into, causes and reasons, powers and laws. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ When applied to any particular department of knowledge, philosophy denotes the general laws or principles under which all the subordinate phenomena or facts relating to that subject are comprehended. Thus philosophy, when applied to God and the divine government, is called theology; when applied to material objects, it is called physics; when it treats of man, it is called anthropology and psychology, with which are connected logic and ethics; when it treats of the necessary conceptions and relations by which philosophy is possible, it is called metaphysics. [ 1913 Webster ]

☞ “Philosophy has been defined: -- the science of things divine and human, and the causes in which they are contained; -- the science of effects by their causes; -- the science of sufficient reasons; -- the science of things possible, inasmuch as they are possible; -- the science of things evidently deduced from first principles; -- the science of truths sensible and abstract; -- the application of reason to its legitimate objects; -- the science of the relations of all knowledge to the necessary ends of human reason; -- the science of the original form of the ego, or mental self; -- the science of science; -- the science of the absolute; -- the science of the absolute indifference of the ideal and real.” Sir W. Hamilton. [ 1913 Webster ]

2. A particular philosophical system or theory; the hypothesis by which particular phenomena are explained. [ 1913 Webster ]

[ Books ] of Aristotle and his philosophie. Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

We shall in vain interpret their words by the notions of our philosophy and the doctrines in our school. Locke. [ 1913 Webster ]

3. Practical wisdom; calmness of temper and judgment; equanimity; fortitude; stoicism; as, to meet misfortune with philosophy. [ 1913 Webster ]

Then had he spent all his philosophy. Chaucer. [ 1913 Webster ]

4. Reasoning; argumentation. [ 1913 Webster ]

Of good and evil much they argued then, . . .
Vain wisdom all, and false philosophy. Milton. [ 1913 Webster ]

5. The course of sciences read in the schools. Johnson. [ 1913 Webster ]

6. A treatise on philosophy. [ 1913 Webster ]

Philosophy of the Academy, that of Plato, who taught his disciples in a grove in Athens called the Academy. --
Philosophy of the Garden, that of Epicurus, who taught in a garden in Athens. --
Philosophy of the Lyceum, that of Aristotle, the founder of the Peripatetic school, who delivered his lectures in the Lyceum at Athens. --
Philosophy of the Porch, that of Zeno and the Stoics; -- so called because Zeno of Citium and his successors taught in the porch of the Poicile, a great hall in Athens. [ 1913 Webster ]