Result from Foreign Dictionaries (9 entries found)

From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Koran \Ko"ran\ (k[=o]"ran or k[-o]*r[aum]n"; 277), n. [Ar. qor[=a]n; with the Ar. article, Alkoran, Alcoran; = Turk. Pers. qur[^a]n, from Ar. quran, qoran, book, reading, from q[^a]r[^a], read. See {Alcoran}.] The Scriptures of the Muslims, containing the professed revelations to Mohammed; -- called also {Alcoran}. [Written also {Kuran} or {Quran}, Also rarely {Coran} and {Core}.] Note: The Koran is the sacred book of the Muslims (sometimes called Mohammedans by non-Muslims, a term considered offensive by some Muslims). It is the most important foundation on which Islam rests and it is held in the highest veneration by all Islamic sects. When being read it must be kept on a stand elevated above the floor. No one may read it or touch it without first making a legal ablution. It is written in the Arabic language, and its style is considered a model. The substance of the Koran is held to be uncreated and eternal. Mohammed was merely the person to whom the work was revealed. At first the Koran was not written, but entirely committed to memory. But when a great many of the best Koran reciters had been killed in battle, Omar suggested to Abu-Bekr (the successor of Mohammed) that it should be written down. Abu-Bekr accordingly commanded Zeid, an amanuensis of the prophet, to commit it to writing. This was the authorized text until 23 years after the death of the prophet. A number of variant readings had, however, crept into use. By order of the calif Osman in the year 30 of the Hejira, Zeid and three assistants made a careful revision which was adopted as the standard, and all the other copies were ordered to be burned. The Koran consists of 114 suras or divisions. These are not numbered, but each one has a separate name. They are not arranged in historical order. These suras purport to be the addresses delivered by Mohammed during his career at Mecca and Medina. As a general rule the shorter suras, which contain the theology of Islam, belong to the Meccan period; while the longer ones, relating to social duties and relationships, to Medina. The Koran is largely drawn from Jewish and Christian sources, the former prevailing. Moses and Jesus are reckoned among the prophets. The biblical narratives are interwoven with rabbinical legends. The customs of the Jews are made to conform to those of the Arabians. Islamic theology consists in the study of the Koran and its commentaries. A very fine collection of Korans, including one in Cufic (the old Arabic character), is to be found in the Khedival Library at Cairo, Egypt. [Century Dict. 1906] From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Cor \Cor\ (k[^o]r), n. [Heb. k[=o]r.] A Hebrew measure of capacity; a homer. [Written also {core}.] [1913 Webster] From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Core \Core\ (k[=o]r), n. [F. corps. See {Corps}.] A body of individuals; an assemblage. [Obs.] [1913 Webster] He was in a core of people. --Bacon. [1913 Webster] From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Core \Core\, n. [Cf. {Chore}.] (Mining.) A miner's underground working time or shift. --Raymond. [1913 Webster] Note: The twenty-four hours are divided into three or four cores. [1913 Webster] From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Core \Core\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Cord} (k?rd); p. pr. & vb. n. {Coring}.] 1. To take out the core or inward parts of; as, to core an apple. [1913 Webster] He's like a corn upon my great toe . . . he must be cored out. --Marston. [1913 Webster] 2. To form by means of a core, as a hole in a casting. [1913 Webster] 3. To extract a cylindrical sample from, with a boring device. See {core[8]}. [PJC] From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Core \Core\, n. [Heb. k[=o]r: cf. Gr. ko`ros.] A Hebrew dry measure; a cor or homer. --Num. xi. 32 (Douay version). [1913 Webster] From The Collaborative International Dictionary of English v.0.48 [gcide]: Core \Core\, n. [OF. cor, coer, cuer, F. c[oe]ur, fr. L. cor heart. See {Heart}.] 1. The heart or inner part of a thing, as of a column, wall, rope, of a boil, etc.; especially, the central part of fruit, containing the kernels or seeds; as, the core of an apple or quince. [1913 Webster] A fever at the core, Fatal to him who bears, to all who ever bore. --Byron. [1913 Webster] 2. The center or inner part, as of an open space; as, the core of a square. [Obs.] --Sir W. Raleigh. [1913 Webster] 3. The most important part of a thing; the essence; as, the core of a subject; -- also used attributively, as the core curriculum at a college. [1913 Webster +PJC] 4. (Founding) The portion of a mold which shapes the interior of a cylinder, tube, or other hollow casting, or which makes a hole in or through a casting; a part of the mold, made separate from and inserted in it, for shaping some part of the casting, the form of which is not determined by that of the pattern. [1913 Webster] 5. A disorder of sheep occasioned by worms in the liver. [Prov. Eng.] --Halliwell. [1913 Webster] 6. (Anat.) The bony process which forms the central axis of the horns in many animals. [1913 Webster] 7. (Elec.) A mass of iron or other ferrous metal, forming the central part of an electromagnet, such as those upon which the conductor of an armature, a transformer, or an induction coil is wound. Note: The presence of the iron intensifies the magnetic field created by a a current passing through the windings. [Webster 1913 Suppl. +PJC] 8. (mining) a sample of earth or rock extracted from underground by a drilling device in such a manner that the layers of rock are preserved in the same order as they exist underground; as, to drill a core; to extract a core. The sample is typically removed with a rotating drill bit having a hollow center, and is thus shaped like a cylinder. [PJC] 9. (Computers) The main working memory of a digital computer system, which typically retains the program code being executed as well as the data structures that are manipulated by the program. Contrasted to {ROM} and {data storage device}. Note: The term was applied originally to the main memory, consisting of small ferromagnetic rings, that were used to store data in older computers, where each ring representing one bit of information by virtue of its state of magnetization. They were superseded by electronic data storage devices. Syn: core memory, random access memory, RAM [PJC] 10. (Geol.) the central part of the earth, believed to be a sphere with a radius of about 2100 miles, and composed primarily of molten iron with some nickel. It is distinguished from the crust and mantle. [PJC] 11. (Engineering) the central part of a nuclear reactor, containing the fissionable fuel. [PJC] {Core box} (Founding), a box or mold, usually divisible, in which cores are molded. {Core print} (Founding), a projecting piece on a pattern which forms, in the mold, an impression for holding in place or steadying a core. {Core dump} See {core dump} in the vocabulary. [1913 Webster] From WordNet (r) 3.0 (2006) [wn]: core n 1: a small group of indispensable persons or things; "five periodicals make up the core of their publishing program" [syn: {core}, {nucleus}, {core group}] 2: the center of an object; "the ball has a titanium core" 3: the central part of the Earth 4: the choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience; "the gist of the prosecutor's argument"; "the heart and soul of the Republican Party"; "the nub of the story" [syn: {kernel}, {substance}, {core}, {center}, {centre}, {essence}, {gist}, {heart}, {heart and soul}, {inwardness}, {marrow}, {meat}, {nub}, {pith}, {sum}, {nitty- gritty}] 5: a cylindrical sample of soil or rock obtained with a hollow drill 6: an organization founded by James Leonard Farmer in 1942 to work for racial equality [syn: {Congress of Racial Equality}, {CORE}] 7: the central meaning or theme of a speech or literary work [syn: {effect}, {essence}, {burden}, {core}, {gist}] 8: (computer science) a tiny ferrite toroid formerly used in a random access memory to store one bit of data; now superseded by semiconductor memories; "each core has three wires passing through it, providing the means to select and detect the contents of each bit" [syn: {core}, {magnetic core}] 9: the chamber of a nuclear reactor containing the fissile material where the reaction takes place 10: a bar of magnetic material (as soft iron) that passes through a coil and serves to increase the inductance of the coil v 1: remove the core or center from; "core an apple" From The Jargon File (version 4.4.7, 29 Dec 2003) [jargon]: core n. Main storage or RAM. Dates from the days of ferrite-core memory; now archaic as techspeak most places outside IBM, but also still used in the Unix community and by old-time hackers or those who would sound like them. Some derived idioms are quite current; in core, for example, means ?in memory? (as opposed to ?on disk?), and both {core dump} and the core image or core file produced by one are terms in favor. Some varieties of Commonwealth hackish prefer {store}.